182 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1959 
with motion pictures by Dr. Pistey at the Midwinter Conference of the 
Midwestern Zoological Park Directors at Columbus, Ohio, in Febru- 
ary 1959. 
The projectile syringe was used also to effect the capture of an 
escaped Barbary ape. In this case the drug used for immobilization 
was the alkaloidal form of nicotine because of its more rapid and 
predictable action. 
The past year has shown that the change in diets instituted in 1958 
was a wise move. Wastage sharply decreased, animal reproduction 
is Improved, and a better understanding of the nutritional state of 
the collection has been gained. One dietary change of major im- 
portance was instituted this year by the substitution of a packing- 
house byproduct for a portion of the raw ground horsemeat formerly 
used as the carnivore ration. This product has a much better nutri- 
tional analysis than horsemeat and requires no labor to bone and 
grind, as it is supplied ready to use. 
Asin the past 2 years, all bacterial isolations and identifications were 
made by Dr. F. R. Lucas, director of the Livestock Sanitary Labora- 
tory at Centreville, Md. At least 300 bacterial isolations and 25 tissue 
examinations were made by Dr. Lucas for the park in the past year. 
Most important of the bacterial isolations are the following: 
1. Four isolations of Salmonella typhimurium from the fecals of hoatzins 
brought back from British Guiana by Mr. Grimmer. 
. Salmonella typhimurium from a great red-crested cockatoo. 
. Salmonella cholerasuis var. kunzendorf from the spleen of a slow loris. 
. Salmonella arizona from a fox snake. 
. Salmonella edinburg from the intestine of a viper. 
. Salmonella georgia from the blood of a rainbow snake. 
. Hemolytic micrococcus from a young DeBrazza’s guenon. 
. Hemolytic micrococcus from a pronghorn antelope. 
. Short chain streptococcus and pasteurella from an Indian rhinoceros. 
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The numerous enteric pathogens being isolated indicate that more 
attention must be paid to the cleanliness of food preparation and 
utensil cleaning operations. 
In addition to the above, Dr. Lucas also identified Leptospira or- 
ganisms in dark-field examinations of kidney tissues from one of the 
Zoo’s aged bush dogs which showed gross kidney pathology. This and 
earlier reports indicate that leptospirosis is a problem in small 
mammals, particularly the canines. 
Many parasite identifications were made by A. McIntosh and M. B. 
Chitwood of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The following 
parasites, however, are repeatedly identified from the species 
indicated : 
Bears—Torascaris transfuga. 
Cats—Tozascaris leonine. 
Grant’s zebrasS—Parascaris gebrae, 
