538 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1959 
(Jenny) with John Adams (Teehuteatuaonoa, 1826), Mary with 
Thomas McIntosh (Lee, 1920, pp. 95-96)—but alas, not enough, for 
as Adams said later: “We did not find as many women as we wanted. 
Nine only came on board; and with them, eight men and about ten 
boys. After some ineffective efforts to persuade more women to 
follow us, we returned to Tubuai” (Moerenhout, 1837, vol. 2, pp. 289- 
290). ‘They reached it on June 23. 
Tubuai in 1789.—In contrast to the first, the second visit to Tubuai 
showed some promise of being a success; the natives were unexpectedly 
peaceful and friendly and the Tahitians, who soon mastered the local 
dialect, were able to facilitate good relations. 
While the pre-European political organization of Tubuai has never 
been adequately studied, it is now possible, from Morrison and other 
sources, to reconstruct the main features as they existed at the time of 
the Bounty’s visit! The island was then divided into three districts, 
each under its chief : 
(i) Toerauetoru (now Mataura)—centered on the north coast 
opposite the lagoon entrance—under the chief Hiterire ’*; 
(ii) Natieva (now Taahuaia)—on the northeast coast—under 
Tahuhuatama; and 
(111) Paorani (now deserted)—inland and to the east of Na- 
tieva—under Tinarou. 
Tahuhuatama, who was old, had apparently handed over most of his 
functions to his son, Taroatohoa; as had Hiterire to Tamatoa, prob- 
ably for the same reason. 
Tamatoa’s (or Hiterire’s) domain #* was by far the largest and ex- 
tended over Nahitorono (now Mahu) in the south, and possibly over 
the district of Tuporo (now Hanamea) on the west coast; or, in other 
words, the whole western half of the island. The dynasty had been 
founded by his great-great-grandfather, a chief on Raiatea (from 
whom the royal family on Tahiti were also descended [ Morrison, 
1935, pp. 73-74; Caillot, 1910, p. 489]), who had been blown there in a 
storm and accepted as overlord by the few people then living on the 
island, themselves fairly recent arrivals from Rurutu and Raivavae or, 
according to Caillot, 1910, p. 488, from Rimitara. 
Despite marriage alliances (Tinarou was married to Tahuhua- 
tama’s sister) warfare between the districts was more or less endemic 
1 By far the best account of Tubuai society is given in Morrison, 1935, pp. 48-74. Mor- 
rison was an exceptionally gifted observer and it is unfortunate that his narrative was 
not available to Aitkin. But see also Montgomery, 1831, vol. 2, pp. 75-76; Hillis, 1831, 
vol, 3, pp. 383-387 ; Moerenhout, 1837, vol. 1, p. 149; Aitkin, 1930, passim, but particularly 
pp. 30-33. 
YT have modernized some of Morrison’s orthography. In particular, and at the sug- 
gestion of Dr. Kenneth P. Emory, of the Bernice P. Bishop Museum, the name Taroatchoa 
(an impossible sound in the Tubuaian dialect) is written as Taroatohoa. 
13 Tamatoa’s relation to Hiterire is obscure but he was evidently, in effect, the executive 
power. 
