AMMONIACAIi SOLUTION OF COPPER CARBONATE. 



This preparation, as now generally used, contains — 



Water 45 gallons. 



Strong a(jua ammonia 3 pints. 



Copper carbonate 5 ounces. 



The copper carbonate is first made into a thin paste by adding a pint and a half of 

 water. The ammonia water is then slowly added, and if of the proper strength, i. e., 

 26 degrees, a clear, deep-blue solution is obtained, which does not become cloudy 

 when diluted to 45 gallons. 



The ammoniacal solution of copper carbonate being a clear liquid, its presence on 

 the leaves, fruit, and other parts of the treated plants is not so noticeable as where 

 the preparations containing lime are used. 



In case it is desired to keep the strong solution as a stock preparation, the bottle 

 or jug in which it is placed should be tightly corked. 



In spraying the apple and pear for codling-moth and scab, time and 

 expense may be saved b}^ combining the spra3^s. In this case Paris 

 green is added directly to the Bordeaux, using 1 pound of the poison 

 to 150 gallons of the Bordeaux; but of course the Paris green is not 

 to be used with the Bordeaux in the spra3angs which are applied before 

 the trees blossom. 



The arsenic-lime and arsenic-soda-lime compounds may be used in 

 the same way. In making such spraying mixtures, the Bordeaux 

 solution is alwa3^s to be considered as replacing the water, in making 

 calculations. 



aUACK INSECTICIDES AND FUNGICIDES. 



There are always upon the market various sorts of patent spraj^ng 

 compounds and nostrums, which agree in one respect only, and that 

 is in being recommended as a perfect remed}^ for every insect and 

 fungus that ever attacks plants. 



While several of these compounds have more or less merit, none of 

 them thus far tested are equal to the standard sprays. For the most 

 part they are decidedly more costly and decidedh^ less effective. 



Two classes of these compounds need especial mention and con- 

 demnation: 



CTJRE-AIili REMEDIES. 



These are mixtures of almost everj" conceivable substance that 

 has ever been used with the slightest degree of success. One such 

 has been advertised as containing whale-oil soap, arsenic, copper sul- 

 phate, tar, green vitriol, and sulphur, but as a matter of fact some of 

 these were not present. A vital objection to such "shotgun" reme- 

 dies, even if they possess real merit, is their greater cost. Anyone 

 can see that when arsenic is the desired insecticide the others are use- 

 less, and the same might be said of nearly every ingredient in turn. 

 The idea of the manufacturer seems to be that the average farmer has 

 not intelligence enough to make standard spra3\s, and hence is glad to 



