fourths of an inch. The front wings are of a brownish-gray color and 

 are crossed with lines of gray scales, giving them the appearance of 

 watered silk. At the tips of the wings there is a large brown spot, in 

 which are many scales of bronze or gold. The hind wings are gray- 

 ish brown in color. Taken as a whole, the coloring of the moth is such 

 that when resting on old grayish bark it is so like the bark that it is 

 not easily distinguished. 



The moth lays her eggs, a few days after emergence, on the leaves of 

 apple or other food plant, or on the fruit. A majority of the eggs of 

 the first generation are laid on the leaves, while the greater part 

 of those of the second generation are laid upon the fruit. 



THE EGG. 



The eggs of this insect were never noted until within comparatively 

 recent years. They are of a pearly white color and are like thin con- 

 vex disks. Around the edge there is a coarse network of ridges, 

 while toward the center these ridges are finer. 



A red ring, which indicates the embryo, appears in the egg a few 

 days after it is laid. In about eleven days (varying somewhat with 

 temperature) the young larva breaks its way out of the shell and seeks 

 to enter the fruit. 



THE LARVA. 



This is the most important stage of the insect, for not only does it 

 do its injury in the larval condition, but that is the stage in which it 

 is most amenable to remedial measures. 



Recent work tends to show that a large number of the larvae which 

 hatch from eggs deposited on the leaves eat small portions of the 

 leaves before finding fruit. The larvEe have some difliculty in enter- 

 ing the smooth sides of the fruit; hence thej'^ usually enter at the calyx 

 or take advantage of some irregularity in the surface. About 80 per 

 cent of the larvae of the first generation enter the fruit by way of the 

 calyx, while the majority of the second generation enter at the sides, 

 especially where fruits are touching. Upon entering the fruit, the 

 larva feeds immediately under the surface for a few days and then 

 commences a tunnel toward the center of the fruit, where it eats out 

 a large cavity. Frass and excrement which are thrown out character- 

 ize a wormy fruit. The larva, which is well known to all fruit growers, 

 lives in the fruit about twenty days and grows pinkish or whitish, until 

 it is about five-eighths of an inch in length (fig. 1, <?), when, being full 

 grown, it makes a tunnel to the outside of the fruit, the entrance of 

 which is filled with frass and silk. When ready to leave the apple this 

 plug is pushed out. The larva then crawls out and immediately seeks 

 a place in which to spin its cocoon. 



171 



