18 



and distribution of the lime on the foliage how well the spra3dng has 

 been done. This formula has been thoroughly tested by the writer 

 and others and has been found not only as efficient as the other solu- 

 tions, but far cheaper. 



Arsenate of lead. 



Arsenate of soda ounces. . 10 



Acetate of lead do 24 



Water gallons. . 150-200 



These ingredients should be dissolved separatel}^ and then poured 

 into the tank containing the water for spraying. They unite readily, 

 forming the flocculent white precipitate of lead arsenate. This is 

 easil}^ kept in suspension and can be used in excessive strengths on 

 delicate plants without the addition of lime. There are several prep- 

 arations of lead arsenate on the market which are excellent, some 

 being in a wet state and others in dry, powdered form. The wet prep- 

 arations are preferable, as the dried arsenate does not give such a 

 filmy and adhering coat to the foliage. 



At all times the greatest care should be taken to prevent accident 

 with these compounds, which are of the most poisonous nature.^' All 

 packages, boxes, or bottles containing these materials should beplainlj'^ 

 labeled and kept in some j)lace that can be securel}' locked. The uten- 

 sils in which the mixtures are prepared should be thoroughly cleansed. 



When it is desired to use a fungicide with any of these solutions 

 the arsenites are added to the Bordeaux mixture in the same propor- 

 tion as it would be added to water. 



Cost of Spraying Material. 



The cost of the different arsenical compounds varies in different 

 sections of the countr}- in accordance with the freight rates and the 

 quantitj^ purchased. 



« Although no accidents have ever resulted from the use of arsenicals in spraying, 

 it is well enough to know what to do in a case of accidental poisoning. If any evil 

 effects are noted in case of persons who constantly handle these j^oisons, a physician 

 should be consulted. If by any mistake or carelessness a small quantity is swallowed, 

 an antidote should be employed without delay. Ferric hydrate, which forms an in- 

 soluble compound with arseiaic, is the best; lime water may be used, but is less 

 effective. Some emetic, such as mustard in warm water, should be taken immedi- 

 ately after the antidote. The Ferric hydrate should be freshly prepared by adding 

 strong ammonia to the solution or tincture of ferric chlorid. Both chemicals are 

 kept in all drug stores. In preparing the ferric hydrate, continue to add ammonia 

 until, after being well shaken, a faint odor of ammonia can be observed; an excess 

 of this ingredient is decidedly injurious. Persons who use arsenical sprays are ad- 

 vised to keep a small bottle of each of the chemicals used in making ferric hydrate 

 on hand for use in case of emergency. 

 171 



