21 



at the rate of 1 pound in about 160 gallons of water, maj^ be used, or 

 the arsenate of lead or a drj^ powder may be applied, as for the black- 

 heads and yellowheads. So, also, the machinery to be used and the 

 manner of application may be along the lines suggested on page 17. 



OTHER CRANBERRY LEAF-FEEDERS. 



Quite a number of species other than those already mentioned occur 

 on cranberry foliage from time to time and cause local, though usually 

 slight, injury. 



The caterpillars of some of the "owlet moths" are always found in 

 small numbers; but, except for the army worm, none have ever 

 caused widespread trouble. As army worms can not live over on the 

 bogs and must come on from the outside, a broad marginal ditch, well 

 filled with water, will be a perfect barrier to their injury. 



Span worms are much more common, and the striking yellow and 

 black larvfe of the white, chain-dotted geometer are sometimes as 

 plentiful in New Jersey as in Massachusetts; but usuall}^ they are on 

 bogs that run up into the huckleberry and heath bushes. They are 

 not strictly cranberry feeders, but will run into the bogs when they 

 become unusually abundant or when for any reason their normal food 

 supply is scant. 



Leaf hoppers of various species are more or less common always, 

 and sometimes quite abundant; but, though they undoubtedly drain 

 the plants to some extent, they seem to cause no injury to the crop. 



Leaf rollers other than the yellowhead and blackhead cranberry 

 worms are occasionally found. They usually make webs of such dif- 

 ferent forms that they are readily distinguished from the common 

 species. None of them live exclusively on the bogs, and generally 

 they do not appear until after midsummer. 



A saw fly larva (worm) is sometimes found on New Jersey bogs and 

 often eat little round holes in the young berries. It makes no sort of 

 web and feeds only at night, its injuries being thus more readily found 

 than the insect itself. 



None of these species is of sufficient importance to demand more 

 detailed notice here. As a rule the injury done is so slight that it will 

 not pay to adopt remedial measures. If real damage is threatened, 

 the arsenical applications are indicated except in the case of the leaf 

 hoppers. 



INSECTS THAT ATTACK THE STEM. 



THE CRANBERRY GIRDLER. 



( Orambns hortueUus Hbn. ) 

 This species (fig. 9), more commonly known as the "girdle worm," 

 is found abundantly in all the cranberry districts, but it is seriousl}'^ 

 injurious in Massachusetts only. The larvae, which are slender, gray- 



178 



