26 



should be sufficiently deep to prevent a scalding effect, and when the 

 water is drawn sunrise should find at least ever}^ berry above the 

 water level, that the drying off may be gradual. A cool day would 

 almost insure safety to the berries, an intensely hot one might cause 

 injury, and the nearer maturity the fruit the greater the danger. 

 Nevertheless, despite the danger, reflowage is advisable, provided it 

 can be done within the time limit given. 



If reflowage be not practiced, pick the crop as soon as it is at all 

 practicable, so as to get as many wormy berries off the bog as may be. 

 The worms will emerge in the cranberry house and form their cocoons 

 in cracks and crevices or among rubbish. Give them plenty of shelter 

 in the way of loosely piled slats, boards, or other cover, placed wher- 

 ever conveniently possible, and any time during the winter clean up 

 thoroughly, so as to reach the hibernating worms. Field mice will eat 

 these worms. Also a liberal use of gasoline in such places under the 

 usual precautions against fire would reach every one of them. 



Insecticides are possible only during the two or three days in which 

 the 3'^oung worm feeds on the outside of the berry, and the only mate- 

 rial that offers any chance of good results is arsenate of lead. If when 

 the worm starts feeding it finds a poisonous meal prepared its career 

 will be ended at once. It must be remembered that any application 

 to be at all effective must be on the berries by July 10 and must be 

 maintained there at least a month to get most of the hatching worms. 

 Arsenate of lead is the most lasting of all the arsenical sprays, but new 

 berries are being added constantly as new fruit sets, and at that season 

 growth is rapid, so that a week will add a large amount of new, 

 uncovered surface. One spra3ung per week for three, or preferabl}"^ 

 four, weeks offers a fair chance of success by killing off' the berry 

 worms before they get into the berry. 



On bogs that can not be flowed the arsenate of lead, aided by early 

 picking, will probably reduce the amount of injury materially; but on 

 such bogs the development of the moths may occur earlier and the 

 grower must rely more upon the stage of growth, or, better, the 

 appearance of the moths themselves on the bog, than upon any abso- 

 lute dates. 



Methods of applying the arsenate and of preparing it have been 

 alreadj^ given on page 17. 



THE CRANBERRY KATYDID. 



(Scudderia texensis Saaea.) 



One of the most destructive insects on the New Jersey bogs is a 

 species of katydid (fig. 11), though its injuries are, as a rule, charged 

 to grasshoppers in general. On Long Island the damage is less 

 marked, and in Massachusetts the insect is practically unknown. 



178 



