22 



In addition to the various cleaners already described, an entirely 

 distinct machine is now made to be interposed between the cotton sup- 

 ply and the type of pneumatic elevator, the apparatus forming a section 

 in the supply pipe. This machine is, however, also used as a separate 

 and independent cleaner, which may be moved to any place in the 

 ginnery. In either case the seed cotton is beaten against a cylindrical 

 screen, being manipulated in such a way as to become practically dead 

 when it falls upon the beaters. The action of the arms of the beaters 

 carries it through the apparatus, giving it constant agitation against 

 the screening surface, which in this cleaner is far greater than that 

 used in any other type. The weevils and other debris escaping through 

 the meshes of the screen fall onto a spiral conveyor below, which car- 

 ries them to any point desired. By passing the discharge through a 

 pair of compressed rollers all weevils would be destroyed, and it would 

 then be immaterial whether the trash were returned to the seed or 

 deposited elsewhere. There seems no doubt that this system would be 

 exceedingly effective in removing and destroying the weevils. 



GINS. 



There are two principal classes of gins in operation in the United 

 States, known, respectively, as plain and huller gins. In addition to 

 these the roller gin is used principally in sections where Sea Island 

 cotton is produced, and a modification of the saw gin, known as the 

 needle gin, may eventually come into quite extensive use. The avenues 

 of escape of boll weevils from the ordinary saw gins have been described 

 in the preceding pages. In Texas 93 per cent and in Louisiana nearly 

 42 per cent of all the gins are of this type. 



The huller gin. — The huller gin is used particularly in sections 

 where, owing to labor conditions or other causes, the usual care can 

 not be observed in picking, and consequently more or less of the bolls, 

 boll hulls, and other trash are gathered with the cotton. This gin is 

 supposed to yield a better sample from trashy cotton than can be 

 obtained from the plain gin-, and seems to be growing in popularity. 

 With the huller gin the seed cotton is fed into the outer breast, where 

 it drops upon a rapidly revolving huller roller which carries it to the 

 saws. The hulls, bolls, etc., are stopped by the projection of the ribs, 

 while the seed cotton is carried by them into the inner breast, where 

 it is ginned. With the case of the huller gin, it seems likely that more 

 weevils will be deposited in the seed than is the case with the plain 

 gin, on account of the fact that they are allowed to drop with the trash 

 into the seed without going through the saws, as is the case in the 

 plain gin. It seems certain, therefore, that the spread of the weevil 

 must be greater with the open feeder and the huller gins than with the 

 open feeder and the plain gins. Nevertheless, there would be no 



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