27 



until the emergence of the moth. After emergence the moths in the 

 course of a few days begin egg laying, the entire life cycle from egg to 

 egg requiring, on the average, some fifty days. 



GENERATIONS OF THE INSECT. 



The number of generations of the codling moth in a season varies 

 with the latitude and region. In the more Northern States, as in 

 Maine and New York, there is but one generation each year, with 

 often a rather light partial second, the size of the second generation 

 varying with the season. In the upper tiers of Middle Eastern and 

 Western States, as New Jersey, Ohio, and Iowa, the second generation 

 will be more nearly a full one. In States of the latitude of Virginia, 

 Kentucky, Kansas, and Colorado there will bo two full generations, 

 while in the extreme South and Southwest and portions of the West 

 a partial third generation is thought to occur. Injury from the second 

 brood is much greater than from the first and, unfortunately, more 

 difficult to prevent. 



As stated, moths of the first or overwintering generation will begin 

 to emerge about the time apple trees are in bloom, continuing for some 

 weeks, the date varying according to locality and season. The 

 moths of the second generation may begin to appear fifty to sixty days 

 from the blooming period, though their maximum abundance will be 

 somewhat later. The first and second generations will overlap, so that 

 larvae are to be found in the fruit practically throughout the season. 

 In the Ozarks, moths of the second generation are coming out in some 

 numbers by about July 15, the number increasing throughout late 

 July and early August. 



DEMONSTRATION SPRAYING FOR THE CODLING MOTH. 



In s]:)raying with Bordeaux mixture for the fungous diseases of the 

 apple previously mentioned, an arsenical was always added for the 

 control of the codling moth. In securing results the drop apples were 

 collected from the ground and examined as to freedom from or injury 

 by the codling moth, and the cro]i from the trees at picking time was 

 similarly graded. In s(nne cases the fruit was simply measured; in 

 others it was actually counted. 



Results in Arkansas. — In the Gipple orchard at Bentonville four 

 trees in the Ben Davis block sprayed for bitter-rot and apple blotch 

 were selected for obtaining data on the effect of the treatments for 

 the codling moth. The arsenical used was arsenate of lead at the 

 rate of 2 pounds to 50 gallons of Bordeaux mixture, and applications 

 were made on May 4, May 8, June 12, June 26, July 16, and August 

 4, making six treatments in all. The first two applications, on May 

 4 and May 8, immediately after the petals had fallen — perhaps the 



