38 



color of the spray will show how thoroughly the spraying is being 

 done. When used in Bordeaux mixture, no additional lime will be 

 necessary. 



In the use of poisons around the home the greatest care should 

 at all times be exercised to prevent accidents. All packages and 

 bottles containing poison should be plainly labeled and kept locked 

 up. Utensils used in preparing poisons for sprays should be thor- 

 oughly washed after use. 



EQUIPMENT FOR SPRAYING. 



With other conditions favorable, the orchardist will not be able to 

 secure satisfactory results in spraying unless he uses an efficient 

 spraying outfit. The outfits in use in some orchards are a practical 

 handicap to good work. There are now on the market many difi"erent 

 makes of spray pumps, and some of them are quite efficient and suc- 

 cessful. The orchardist can not afford to use any but the best. 



The barrel type of pump is largely used in small to medium-sized 

 orchards, and when properly fitted with hose of sufficient length, a 

 good agitator, and nozzles, ver}^ effective work may be done. The 

 pump, according to its design, is fitted to the end or side of an ordi- 

 nary 50-gallon kerosene or similar barrel, which is mounted on a sled, 

 on wheels, or, better, placed in a cart or wagon. One man is required 

 to pump, and one or two men to handle the nozzles, depending on 

 whether one or two leads of hose ure used. A good barrel pump should 

 supply two leads of hose, each with double nozzles. Tank outfits are 

 mostly used in the larger orchards, but are very desirable for the small 

 orchardist as well. These consist of rectangular or half-round tanks, 

 flat on top, holding from 100 to 300 gallons of the spray mixture, 

 fitted to the wagon in place of the wagon bed. Some growers use 

 a 100 to 200 gallon hogshead tank placed on one end of the wagon. 

 The barrel type of pumps may be used on these tanks, but it is better 

 to use the larger tank pumps made for the purpose with suction hose. 

 The hole in the top of the tank should be covered with a close-fitting 

 lid to keep out leaves, twigs, and other trash which would clog the 

 pump and nozzles. 



Gasoline, steam, or other power outfits are much superior to the 

 hand-power tank or barrel pumps, and where the orchard mterest 

 warrants, a power pump should by all means be used. A much 

 higher pressure may be maintained than is possible with hand pumps, 

 giving a fine, mist-like spray penetrating to all parts of the tree and 

 covering every inch of surface. Sufficient power will be furnished 

 to supply several leads of hose, and the spraying may be done quite 

 rapidly, which is very important, especially in regions where suitable 

 days for spraying are mfrequent. 



