46 



APPLICATION OF SPRAY MIXTURES. 



Having a satisfactory outfit and the mixture properlj prepared, 

 there is still liabilit}^ of failure unless the mixture is applied properly 

 and at the proper times. 



In spraying, the aim should be to cover as nearly as possible the 

 entire surface of the vines, foliage, and fruit with the mixture, in order 

 to destroy all the germs of the various parasites which may come in 

 contact with the plant, and to destroy the insects which may feed 

 upon the foliage, fruit, or buds. 



Fig. 31.— a large hand spray pump 

 with double vertical cylinders 

 for use with tank outfits. 



Fig. 32. — A large hand spray pump with double horizontal 

 cylinders for use with tank outfits. 



The accompanying illustrations (figs. 34 and 35) show two grape 

 leaves to which Bordeaux mixture has been applied. Figure 34 

 shows a leaf properly sprayed. Figure 35 shows a leaf which has 

 been sprinkled rather than sprayed. Too much of the mixture hav- 

 ing been applied, it has run together in drops or fallen to the ground 

 and been wasted. The leaf sIioanii in figure 35 is, however, covered 

 better than is generally the case in vineyard spraying. Thorough 

 work is absolutely necessary if satisfactory results are to be secured. 

 The nozzles should be carefully adjusted' and directed, and should 



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