2G HDWAini T. r.ltdWNK. 



tlefinito tvpc, Itut to three distinct iudcpendeut types, as louutl in Zunclea, Cteiiaria, 

 and Cliidonema respectively. 



Oeuus Ei.EUTHERiA, de Quatrefages, 1842. 



Tiiis genus is l)etter known to English zoologists by the name of Clai-nttlla, 

 through Ilincks's description of Clavatella prolifera, which had, however, been 

 previously described by de Quatrefages under the name of Eleutluriti <l icholoina. The 

 Medusa has normally six tentacles, each of which is bifurcated. The upper or outer 

 branch of the bifurcation terminates with a large cluster of neraatocysts, and the lower 

 branch ends with an adhesive disc or sucker, by means of which the Medusa is able to 

 crawl about .sea-weeds at the bottom of rock-pools. 



A second European species is recorded under the name of Eleutln'ria clupundii. 

 It differs from K didiotoma in having both ])rauches of the tentacles terminating with 

 clusters of nematocysts. It is (juite prolmble tliat it is only an abnormal form of 

 E. dic/iotoma, with some nematocysts in the adhesive discs. 



Another .species of this genus inhabits Stanley Harbour, Falkliuid islands. .V 

 single specimen was found there by Mr. Rupert Vallentin in 1898, and I described it 

 under the name of Eleutheria vallentini. In 1900 Mr. Vallentin obtained .some more 

 specimens which have not yet been described. This .species has twenty-four tentacles, 

 each of which is bifurcated. The upper branch Itears a terminal clustcM- of nematocysts, 

 and, in addition, two to three clusters along the upper side, and ocaxsionally a cluster 

 on the lower side. The other branch of the bifurcation has an adhesive disc. The 

 finding of an Eleutlwria in the Falklands was of considerable interest, because the 

 genus had licen previously known only to Europe. 



In 1908 Prof. Bedot published a Paper bearing the title " Sur un Animal Pe'la- 

 gi(jue de la Region antarcti(|ue," and the aninial was named Wandelia cliarcoti. It 

 was taken off Wandel I.sland, lat. 65° S., long. GG" AV. (Paris), by the ' Fran^ais ' 

 Expedition. The specimens, as the figures show, were in a very fragmentary 

 condition. Although Prof. Bedot felt sure that the animal was not the remains of a 

 Siphonophore, he was uncertain about its position amongst the Coeleutera. 



At first I did not recogni.se the animal, but on a second reading a picture of an 

 Elnitluria came into my mind. As there was nothing in the description or figures 

 to render the idea an impu.ssible one, 1 wrote to I'rof. Bedot. I suggested that 

 his remarkable animal might possibly be an Elcutlicria, and sent him the original 

 drawings of EL'Utheria v<dl<ntlni for comparison. Prof. Bedot most kiiully sent 

 me specimens of Witiideliit for examination, and I, in return, sent specimens of 

 Eleutheria lindgsuni. We both came definitely to the conclusion that W'andelid was 

 undoubtedly an Eleutheria. 



The condition of the specimens of Winidelia was so bad that without a good 

 clue it was practically impo.ssible to associate the animal with an Eleutheria. 1 was 



