8 b Vertical and horizontal sections magnified one-third linear, the first shewing the simple transverse 



diaphragms, bent down at the circumference, and the open simple vesicular tissue of the outer area ; 

 the second shews the outer vesicular area, the central clear space, and the intervening zone of 

 radiating lamellae, (the two concentric lines connecting the lamellse in this section are only the 

 deflected edges of two of the transverse diaphragms cut across). 



9 CYATHOPHYLLUM PARACIDA (M-^Coy). Natural size, from Derbyshire, of a single old stem 



shewing the usual way in which four young ones spring from within the terminal cup of the parent. 



10 DIPHYPHYLLUM LATESEPTATUM (M<=Ooy). SmaU portion of mass, natural size, from Corwen. 

 10 a Vertical section magnified three diameters, shewing the tliree areas, and apparently dichotomous 



mode of division of the parent-stem, and conical elevation of the transverse diaphragms below 

 the point of fissure ; the top of the left-hand branch shews a portion of a terminal cup with the 

 broad, smooth diaphragm forming its bottom. 



10 } Horizontal section magnified three diameters ; the outer vesicular area forming two rows of small 



connecting plates between the lamellse at their origin. 



11 COLUMNARIA LAXA (M'^Coy). Portion of large mass, natural size, from Derbyshire, shewing the 



loose mode of growth, and the variations of the columns, from roimd and nearly smooth to prismatic 

 and longitudinally sulcated ; the tops, by rough fracture, exhibiting the transverse undulated diaphragms 

 with their crenulated edges. 



