Over a period of years, tablé 3, Lake Chautauqua had an annual angling value to the 
public of $2.40 per acre of water, 
Spring Lake, an abandoned agricultural levee district along the Mississippi River 
near Savanna, Illinois, has provided exceptionally good fishing for bullheads. Although not a 
favorite sport fish, bullheads are sought by cane-pole fishermen who use worms for bait, The 
number of fish, almost all black bullheads, taken at Spring Lake in 1946 and 1947 is available 
through the efforts of the Brown Brothers Boat Livery; Clair T, Rollings, refuge manager in 
1946; and Harry L, Adams, refuge manager in 1947. 
In 1946, the average daily catch was 23 bullheads per fisherman; in 1947, it was 16. 
On July 4, 1946, 2,500 fishermen were on the lake and, on May 30, 2,000. Nearly 7,000 fished 
during the 2 weeks of most intensive participation, The weekly average for the 28-week season 
in 1946 was 1,000-fisherman days, The total fisherman-days in 1947, as calculated by Harry L, 
Adams, was 38,000, 
Rollings interviewed about 5 per cent of the fishermen in 1946 and found that the aver- 
age daily individual expenditure for transportation, boat rental, bait, and other incidentals was 
$2.50. The cane-pole type of fishing is attractive to the majority of people, who do not travel so 
far or spend so much in reaching their fishing grounds as the bait-casting fishermen; 64 per cent 
of the Spring Lake fishermen traveled less than 25 miles, Other expenditures of the cane-pole 
fishermen are also less than those of the fishermen out after bass, crappies, or bluegills, The 
type of fishing at Spring Lake combined with the exceptionally high catch to give a public recrea- 
tion value, table 4, not much above the actual meat value of the fish, 
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