ROSE FAMILY ROSACEAE 
JUNEBERRY. SHAD BUSH 
Amelanchier canadensis (L.) Medic. var. Botryapium (L.f.) T. & G. 
The Juneberry, also called Shad Bush and Sarvice, is a tall 
shrub or small tree 9-30 feet high or possibly more. It is quite 
common in dry open woodlands from Nova Scotia to western 
Ontario and south to Louisiana and 
Florida. The wood of this plant is 
brown and very hard. 
The alternate leaves when young 
are brownish purple and folded 
lengthwise. They are then also 
densely matted with wool, and re- 
tain a sparse hairiness even when 
old or become smoothish very late. 
The flowers appear in April or 
May before the leaves are fully de- 
veloped. The calyx is cleft into 5 
short lobes, and the 5 white, strap- 
shaped petals and numerous sta- 
mens are attached above the ovary. 
There are § styles united at their 
bases. 
The fruit ripens in June or early 
July. It is berrylike, reddish purple 
or dark purple, and divided by thin 
partitions into Io parts, each of 
which contains I seed. Sometimes, 
however, I or more seeds fail to develop. On some plants the 
berries are very juicy and sweet and are relished by man and 
birds, but on others they are dry and tasteless. The dark purple 
fruits are usually better than the reddish ones. 
The Dwarf Juneberry, Amelanchier spicata (Lam.) C. Koch, 
is a shrub 3-4 feet high that grows on steep rocky banks, and be- 
cause of its stoloniferous stems, in colonies. It is rare and local 
in Illinois. The small leaves are hairy and coarsely toothed. 
The flowers have 5 short, ovate petals, and 5 short, ovate, greenish 
white sepals. The red fruit is globular, one-quarter inch in 
diameter, and its top is woolly. This plant is restricted generally 
to the banks of ‘streams from eastern Quebec and central Maine 
to the mountains of western Massachusetts and westward about 
the Great Lakes. 
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