CANI3 PALLIPES. 141 



devoured by wolves in one pergunnah alone. Sometimes a large wolf 

 is seen to seek his prey singly. These are called Wort-tola by the 

 Canarese, and reckoned particularly fierce." 



I have found wolves most abundant in the Deccan and in Central India. 

 I have often chased them for several miles, they keeping 50 to 100 yards 

 ahead of the horse, and the only kind of ground on which a horse appeared 

 to gain on them was heavy ploughed land. I have known wolves turn on 

 dogs that were running at their heels and pursue them smartly till close 

 up to my horse. A wolf once joined with my greyhounds in pursuit of 

 a fox, which was luckily killed almost immediately afterwards, or the wolf 

 might have seized one of the dogs instead of the fox. He sat dowTi on 

 his haunches about 60 yards off whilst the dogs were worrying the fox, 

 looking on with great apparent interest, and was with difficulty driven 

 away. In many parts of the North-west of India, they are very destruc- 

 tive to children, as about Agra, in Oude, Rohilcund, and Rajpootana, and 

 rewards are given by Government for their destruction. Wolves breed 

 in holes in the ground, or caves, having only three or four young, it is 

 said. The female has ten teats. They are usually rather silent, but 

 sometimes bark just like a pariah dog. The howling after their prey, 

 recorded of the European wolf, is seldom heard in India. 



Hodgson has described a wolf from Tibet, Canis langier, sometimes 

 called the " white wolf" by sportsmen who cross the Himalayas. It is 

 the Chdagu of Tibet, Chanhodi near the Niti pass from Kumaon ; and 

 it is a larger animal than the Indian wolf, with wliite face and limbs, 

 and no dark tip to the tail, which is fully brushed. The fur is extremely 

 woolly, and the hairy piles few ; but this is also to a certain extent 

 apparent in domestic dogs of the same region. 



Another species of wolf has recently been described by Gray,* as 

 Canis chanco, or the red wolf of Tibet, or golden wolf : " fulvous, head 

 grayish-brown, lower parts pure white. Somewhat larger than the Eu- 

 ropean wolf, to which its skull bears a close resemblance." It is probably 

 the same as the animal in Blyth's Cat. Mamm. No. 119, "large red 

 wolf," referred by that naturalist with doubt to Pallas's Calpiniis; but 

 Gray says that that is a fox. The specific name given by Gray is the 

 name also applied to the common wolf of that region, spelt differently. 



There are many other species of wolves in various parts of the northei^n 

 regions of both continents. 



* Proceedings Zoological Society, 1863, p. 94. 



