HEMITRAGUS JEMLAICUS. 287 



hoary-blue, and the mane ashy-blue, the upper part of the limbs rusty- 

 brown, the front of the legs and belly being dark brown ; head in front 

 dark ashy or blackish-brown, with a darker patch below the gape, and a 

 dark line along the back. Tail short and depressed, nude below; knees 

 and sternum callous ; a long mane, and the hair on the cheeks, neck, and 

 sides long and copious. The horns touch at the base, are sub-compressed 

 and sub-triangular, uniformly wrinkled except at the tip, short, curve 

 slightly backwards, and diverge somewhat. 



Length about 4 feet 8 inches to root of tail; tail 7 inches; 36 to 40 

 inches high ; the horns about 12 inches long, very thick at the base. 



The female is much less, with much smaller horns, wants the mane, and 

 is of an uniform drab or reddish-brown colour above, dirty whitish below. 

 Some of both sexes are occasionally paler, of a *' dirty whitish-fawn" colour. 

 The kids are said to be very pale, with a black stripe down the back. 



"The Jhdral," says Mr. Hodgson, "has a finely-formed head, no 

 vestige of a beard, the facial line straight; ears small, narrow and erect ; 

 a small moist muffle between the nostrils; limbs long, robust, rigid, with 

 straight pasterns. The back is slightly arched, and the shoulders higher 

 than the croup. The mane is long, and sometimes sweeps below the 

 knees. The male has a powerful odour at times." 



The Tehr is found throughout the whole extent of the Himalayas, 

 only however at great elevations, generally above the limits of forest, and 

 not far from the snow. It frequents rocky valleys, and very steep and 

 precipitous rocky ground, and is often seen perched on what appear to 

 be inaccessible crags. It feeds on the grassy spots among rocks, and 

 though not unfrequently found solitary, is more generally seen in flocks, 

 sometimes as numerous as 20, 30, or even 40, it is said. If alarmed whilst 

 feeding, they all go off at speed with a clattering sound, but soon halt to 

 gaze on the intruder. They generally follow the guidance of an old male, 

 and will make their way up almost perpendicular precipices if there be 

 but a few rough edges, or crevices. In the north-west, they are said to 

 be sometimes seen along with MarhJcor. Captain E. Smyth states* that 

 " the males herd separately from February till October, ascend to a much 

 greater height than the females and very young males, and are very 

 difficult to find. In March and April they chiefly freque,i:it the forests. 

 During the rutting season the males are always fighting, and numbers 

 are killed by falling down the crags. 



* Trans. Hist. Soc. Lancashire, vol. IX. 1856. 



