Foriegn Literature and Science. 377 
m all the varieties ; whereas there was one variety in which 
only a trace of carbon could be procured.—IJdem. 
18. Tea.—A colony of Chinese established itself in Bra- 
sil, soon after the king of Portugal fixed his residence there, 
and applied to the cultivation of tea with so much success, 
that they have now three million of trees in full bearing. — 
ney. . | 
. 
19. 4 skull found in a tree—The English Journals 
State that a labourer in the county of Warwick, in cutting an 
old ash tree which he had felled, found in the heart of the 
log, the cranium of an unknown animal. The wood that* 
surrounded it was perfectly sound, as well as the bark, and 
nothing apparent could lead to the conjecture how the skull 
could have been introduced. The cavity occupied by the 
skull was about four inches in diameter. 
20. New diplomatic Cypher.—Richard Chenevix, F.R.S. 
has invented a new cypher, which satisfies the rules pre- 
scribed by Bacon, and which he is confident it will be im- 
possible to unravel. He has engaged to pay 100/. to any 
person, who, before the end of the present year, will 
find out his character ; 50/. if they succeed in reading 
a phrase of two lines. 
21. A new mineral substance has been discovered by 
Garolin, in the blue quartz of Finland. It is composed of 
45.5 silex, 23 alumine, 10 of a rose red matter, unlike any 
known substance, 8.5 of magnesia, 5.6 oxide of iron, and 7.4 
of water. It is called Steinheilite, from count Steiaheil, the 
governor of Finland, a distinguished mineralogist, who first 
Separated this substance from the genus quartz. 
>, 
22. New Mathematical Instrument.—M. Maestens, of 
Halberstadt, has invented an instrument, by which can be 
traced the ellipses, the parabola, and the hyperbola, in any 
Siven relation of the parameter to the axis. 
23. Steam-Boats.—By the well directed enterprize of the 
American Consul at Trieste, a steam-boat called the Caro- 
‘tna, performs every Monday the passage between that port 
