*Vr. Barnes^ Section of the Canaan Mountain^ ^c. 11 



They exhibit an uncommonly regular rhomboidal frac- 



tiire.(h) They effervqsce briskly with acids, and give fire 

 freely with stceL 



By taking an offset of four miles ^orih, from the place 

 of our section, we discovered the stratum on which the lime- 

 stone rests. It is the Lebanon roofng slate, (i) which be- 

 ing of an excellent quality has been extensively wrought 

 and transported to this city- It is inclined to the East, at 

 an angle of about twenty degrees, and as it occupies the face 

 of a side hill, of the same inclination, it is easily quarried. 

 It is traversed at considerable distances by parallel seams of 

 white quartz. (i) The formation is so perfect that slates of 

 thirty square feet of surface, are frequently taken out, and 

 much larger tables might easily be raised if required. South 



east of this quarry, and distant about one mile, is the cele- 

 brated Lehanon Spring^ in HmestoneQ) which from its dip, 

 direction, incHnation, structure, and geological position, ap- 

 pears to be the same as the rock of our section. It ranges 

 north and south, and inclines to the east, with an angle of 

 twenty-five degrees, while all the other rocks, which I have 

 observed in the adjacent region, dip towards the sovih-east, 

 and range north-east and south-west. It was this remarka- 

 ble difference in the stratification, that first attracted partic- 

 ular attention to the insulated ridge under consideration. 

 The soil of the limestone is good u^here it is of sufficient 

 depth, but throughout the greater part of this tract the rock 

 approaches too near the surface. 



The principal trees of this tract are beech, Fagus fer- 

 ruginea; sugar maple, Acer saccharinum ; dogwood, Acer 

 striaturn ;{^\\v\ih) chesnut, Cast anea Americana; birch, £^- 

 ttda rubra; walnut, Juglans squamosa; butternut, Juglans 

 cinerea; ironwood, Ostrya virgxnica; witch hazle, Ham- 

 mamelis virginica; sassafras, haiirns sassafras. The vitis 



* The waters of this spring hare been anal}'ZGd hj Prof. Ciriscom, and 

 his analysis published in Bruce's American Miueral<^cal Journal, page 

 156. It has lately been discovered, that a soft firiahle substance resembling 

 Tufa, has been deposited from the water. On digging in the canal that 

 forms the outlet of the spring, and on which Tryoa^s MiU stands, this sib- 

 stance(v) was thrown out in considerable quantities. This deposit diners 

 from tlie high rock at Saratoga springs, (x) by its more uniform colour, by 

 being lighter, softer, more friable, and containing little or no iron, which 

 abounds in the Saratoga Rock. 



