220 Geology, ^-c. ofMalbay, L. C. 



Huron, and the greywacke, clay slate, and quartz rock of 

 the south side of the St. Lawrence from Camourasca to 

 Quebec, together with the gneiss of Montmorenci, Auge 

 Gardien and Cape Torment. 



The marble, greenstone, and large grained gneiss of the 

 River Ottawa run somewhat more westerly, but they are so 

 obscured by weathering, alluvion and vegetation, that it is 

 difficult to detect their real position* 



From the rocks of Malbay and Camourasca, two opposite 

 points in the south and north shoresoftlie St, Lawrence, be- 

 ing totally different, this river seems to bound or separate 

 two formations, as Von Buch observed in the fiord of Chris- 

 tiana in Norway, and elsewhere, and as is the case with 

 Lakes Superior and Huron in Canada. 



The calcareous conglomerate of Malbay presents several 

 peculiar appearances. 



Its resemblance to greywacke in its associations and ex- 

 ternal characters is so perfect that for some days I consider- 

 ed it as such, but was undeceived by its violent efferves- 

 cence on exposure to acids. 



This rock is also interposed between the black fetid 

 limestone and the gneiss of the Falls of Montmorenci, and in 

 all probability passes into genuine greywacke as the latter is 

 formed in horizontal strata less than a mile to the east o^ 

 the Falls, and nearly at the same level. The grey wacke 

 likewise occupies the south-east of Q^uebec in large tracts- 



The Pictured Rocks of Lake Superior, so splendidly de- 

 scribed by Governor Cass in his notes to the poem of Ont- 

 wa are of this substance. 



At Malbay it is unconformable to the primary rocks 

 on which it abuts, and is perhaps the most recent, from, 

 in addition to its horlzontality, its containing organic remains 

 and water-worn nodules. 



The curvature of the strata at the cave in the west an- 

 gle of the Bay, and of the east shore of the Bay, is worthy 

 of observation. They are an additional evidence shewing 

 the temporary flexibility of rocks, after consolidation, and 

 their disturbance while in that condition. The most sin- 

 gular contortions on a large scale, that I recollect, are the 

 curved gneiss of the Western Islands, figured by Macul- 

 loch, and the almost -jpherical limestone discovered at La 

 Forme in Switzerland, by Dolomica. At the mouth of the 



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