2 Votices of the Mineralogy and Geology 
piles of white sand, based on rock, and thinly covered with 
stinted pine or scrub oak. rough all this region swamps 
et with near its upper edge. crust of end stone, with 
a large proportion of iron in it, only a few inches thick, is 
spread over the surface in some parts e 
“The high hills of Santee.” Of these hills, the site of 
_ Columbia affords a good example. This town stands on 
an on > the mass of the hill being a very hard 
Jrown deposited upon vast quantities (closely com- 
pacted) of the substance enveloped in the paper marked A, 
and on huge blocks of granite, now completely decompos- 
ed, or rather disintegrated. The course of the hill is from 
N. E.toS. W. The N. W. side is very steep, and quite 
a heavy clay: the S. E. side Slopes off gently in deep sand. 
In digging wells, rough an hard brown sand stone and 
ng stone, with a_ bein of iron, are ‘taken 
at great depths. The species of cla yt marked A, is 
ma Col. Blanding in puddling the reservoir from which 
he will supply the town with water. It is visible i - deep 
gullies, and from a spot of this sort he has it dug ou 
2. The Clay country is so called because clay sida: 
sists: Here, when land is worn out and left uncultivated, 
if the slope be considerable, all soil capable of. supporting 
vegetation is washed off, and stiff red clay is left bare. 
ore be useful. Gran- 
ite is the most common rock, , although a large tract of coun- 
try in this: region is formed of argillaceous. ee supe: 
all stages of co- 
ently a deposit on the primitive roc ¢ks,) in 
_ hesion, from clay to building ston ‘Phe specime ns mark- 
4 = and Ct are from this tract 5 ; and mar speen, used as 
thy! 
engi are abaudant near ‘Columbia 5 eae ‘to Kats any just 
= but will endeavour tosend sce by ater Sy Somes vu 
of them are globular, and contain eme 
t This cla is pl ted ith ed ts int 
oc white ie P ns cpeeeied ed wi Ba depo ts aici bend in «gro 
gers bt ng becomes ees to the feel, eh 
aerone'y ta nthe Coe “5 ay 
e eer * 
a B, is : considerably decomposed, But bears the a of bi 
ppearance eing a 
ry fine © grained mica slate, or possibly even an arenaceous quartz : if is 
SE soe a ley eae ad 
