80 Geology, Se. of the Connecticut. 
3. Vegetable Remains. 
These appear to be either the branches or roots of trees, 
or the relics of culmiferous plants, and therefore may be cal- 
led lignites and rhizolites. They are usually converted in- 
to a thinvein of coal, similar to the fish. ey are com- 
monly broken into pieces from an inch to two feet long, in 
the manner represented in Fig. 4. Their width varies from 
a mere line to two inches. They are not jointed—found in 
abundance at the falls in Gill; also with the icthyolites at 
Sunderland. The rock in which they occur at both places 
is hardly bituminous shale; but a greyish micaceous sand- 
stone. The longest specimen of rhizolite 1 have seen oc- 
curs on the road side, one half mile south of Newgate pris- 
on; being not less than seven or eight feet in length. 
4. Unknown Relic. 
This is represented as well as it could be in Fig. 5. It 
is difficult to give a perfect idea of the thing, because there 
is a relief or swelling along the middle. It sometimes re- 
sembles. the ament of the chesnut, (Castanea americana 
Mz.) but still more the vertebrae of a fish. But in no ich- 
thyolite I ever found, did I see any remains of the vertebrae, 
and it is not probable, therefore, that this belonged to a fish. 
It is rare—found with the icthyolites at Sunderland. 
15. ALLuvion. 
Colored Gamboge Yeliow. 
By this term I understand those accumulations of gravel, 
clay, sand, mud and salt, which are post-diluvian, or have 
probably been deposited since the Noachic deluge by causes 
at present acting on the globe. Some varieties may be 
seen along the Connecticut which we shall mention in the 
probable order in which they were deposited. 
1. The alluvion on the sea-coast. This is probably the 
oldest; because the sea would begin its depositions imme- 
diately after the deluge, if the situation of any particular 
place were favorable—even before it had subsided suffi- 
