- 288 Scientific Intelligence. 
functions of digestion and generation—but the circulating fluid is only 
the elaborated chyle mingled with more or less water from. without. 
A step farther and we find separate organs for the functions of the 
liver, and a circulating system, in some Echinoderms. Through the 
Bryozoa, the Infusoria are connected with the Tunicata and the other 
Molluscs; and through the Rotifera and Entozoa, they connect with 
the Articulata, thus passing by each way, out of the true Radiate type, 
into that which characterizes the higher sub-kingdoms. The Bryozoa, 
Rotifera, and Entozoa, may be arranged in the sub-kingdom Radiata, 
or with the Mollusca and Articulata, whose types of structure they es ex- 
hibit, though under a Radiate form 
he Echinoderms, although so Peikingly peculiar in some species— 
the Echini—yet through the Holothuria, bear closely upon the Articu- 
lata; while the Acalephs incline toward the Mollusca. 
In the above remarks, if is not attempted to trace out all the grada- 
tions in the groups referred to, but only the most prominent. ‘The an- 
imal kingdom is throughout a network of affiliations, yet there are 
main trunks and larger branches, to which the smaller anastomosing 
ramifications are subordinate. Much study will be required before the 
system of nature from the Protozoa up, can be correctly mapped out. 
7. Zoological Researches. 
Annals and Magazine of Natural History, for November, 1845.—On new Lepi- 
doptera, by E. ee A (continued. g Notice of anew genus of Nudibranchiate 
Molluscs, by J. Alder and A. Hancock.—G. R. Waterhouse, on some new Hete- 
romerous Coleoptera.—L. Pfeiffer, oo of new land shells from Cuming’s 
collections. For December—On the Spongiade, with descriptions of some new 
genera, by J. S. Bowerbank ; iMladtrated by two plates.—Descriptions of three 
species of Mus, one of Hapalotis and one of Podabrus, from Australia, by Mr- 
Gould. For January.—Descriptions of species of the genera of insects Phyllo- 
bius, bg and "Metallites, by J. Walton.—New species of Spiders from Can- 
ada, by J. Blackwall, (to be continued.)—Continuation of a Memoir on New 
Holland Cryptocephalides, by W. W. Saunders.—Continuation of a Memoir on 
new exotic Lucanidz, a ©: Westwood.—Descriptions of new Buprestide, 
si aia ia —A description and plate of the Delphinus tursio, by T. Bright- 
i fiir es 1845, Part I—Sars, on the development of an Aca- 
leph, and the Annelida ; with fignres. —A. Philippi, new shells, from a voyage 
around the wl sy his ‘besther E. B. Philippi.—S. Maller, on the Quadrumana 
of Sunda.—J. Maller, on the structure and classification of the Ganoid fishes. 
Part I.—A. Wagner, on new ar sggr from Brazil.—J. J. de Tschudi, Conspectus 
of the Reptiles of Peru.—M. Gurlt, Enumeration of the species of Entozoa, at 
ranged peccording to the animals in which they are found 
: es de L’ Institut de France, Tome xviii, 1843.—M. Milne Edwards, Obser- 
vata on the Compound Ascidie of the north coast of France; an elaborate 
memoir illustrated by several plates of great beauty and perfection. Tome xix, 
1845.—G. Breschet, Anatomical and Physiological researches on the gestation of 
the Quadrumana. 
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