/ 
| 
| 
: 
Migrations in the Pacific Ocean. 323 
had he been so, we may conclude that the reason which led him to 
derive the Society Islanders from the northern group would have in- 
duced him to refer both the Hawaiis to that source. 
“Cook, in the history of his first voyage, (vol. iii, p. 69,) comparing 
the New Zealanders with the South Sea (i. e. Society) Islanders, ob- 
serves that ‘they both have a tradition that their ancestors, at a very 
remote period of time, came from another country ; and according to 
the tradition of both, the name of that country is Heawije.’ There is 
no j in either the New Zealand or Tahitian language. It may bea 
mistake, made in printing or copying, for g, the hard sound of which 
is frequently given by the Polynesians to their k; in this case Heawije 
would be the English orthography for the New Zealand word Hawaiki.* 
“But the most important testimony is that furnished by a chart drawn 
by Tupaia, (or Tupaya,) the native who accompanied Capt. Cook in 
his first voyage, and published by J. R. Forster, in his ‘ Observations 
made during a Voyage round the World.’ It contains the names of 
all the islands known to Tupaia, either from having visited them, or by 
tradition. The extent of information displayed in it is truly surprising. 
We find every important group in Polynesia, except the Sandwich Isl- 
ands and New Zealand, laid down, though not accurately, yet with a 
certain attention to bearings and distances, which enables us to identify 
them. What gives the chief value to the chart, is the fact, that, at the 
time it was drawn, more than half the islands which it contains were 
unknown to Europeans, and of those which had been discovered, the 
native names of very few were ascertained. ‘ 
“Much confusion has been made in the chart by a mistake of those 
for whom Tupaia drew it. Knowing that toerau in Tahitian signified 
the north (or northwest) wind, and toa the south, they concluded nat- 
urally that apatoerau and apatoa were names applied to the corres- 
ponding points of the compass; whereas apatoerau signifies in fact, the 
point towards which the north wind blows, i.e. the south, and apatoa 
for the same reason the north. But not understanding this, they have, 
so far as these two points are concerned, reversed the chart completely, 
and it is in fact, printed upside down. But not content with this, it is 
apparent that these gentlemen (Capt. Cook, Mr. Banks, and Lieut. 
Pickersgill, whom Forster mentions as having obtained the chart) over- 
looked Tupaia while he was drawing, and suggested corrections, which 
his idea of their superior knowledge induced him to receive against his 
own%onvictions. This is clear, from the fact that all the groups and 
islands with which the English were not acquainted, are laid down 
rightly, according to the real meaning of apatoerau and apatoa, but 
* The Polynesian letters ai, together, have the same sound nearly as 7 in wine. 
