152 
one, in which the vent is situated. The first segment, the one bear- 
ing the first pair of legs, is of a firmer consistence than the others, 
leathery and smooth above, and as long as the two following together ; 
and each of the remaining eleven is marked on the back by about 
three transverse dorsal folds, which terminate on the sides in large, 
low elevations, pointed ovate in form, (the pointed ends being 
upwards), one to each segment of the body, except the first and the 
last. 
The spiracles are nine in number, the first larger than the others, 
and placed between the first two thoracic segments, the remainder 
on the abdominal segments from the first to the eighth. They are 
at the lower ends of the ovate elevations mentioned above, and just 
within a tortuous longitudinal groove which separates these eleva- 
tions from a series of prominent tubercles which extends along the 
sides, one tubercle to each segment. Still beneath the just-men- 
tioned row of tubercles, is another longitudinal groove, and a second 
series of tubercles; and these, again, are separated from the ridges 
which extend across the under surface of the body, by still another 
irregular longitudinal groove. Finally, these ventral ridges, which 
are but one to a segment, have their ends cut off by a series of 
oblique grooves, each extending from before backwards and inwards, 
thus forming a fourth series of elevations,—these last being on a 
line with the cox of the legs borne by the thoracic segments.* 
There is little peculiar in this external structure of the segment, 
and it differs but slightly from that common to a great many soft- 
bodied, subterranean larve. 
The legs are about as long as their corresponding segments, and 
white with the exception of their claws, which are dark brown at 
the tips. They are provided with a few slender, white hairs, becom- 
ing shorter and more spine-like towards the end of the leg. 
The head is smooth, somewhat flattened in front, with a few 
slender, scattered hairs. The clypeus is transverse, trapezoidal, 
narrowing forwards, and the labrum is rounded in front. The an- 
tenne are minute, white, three- or four-jointed, the outer angle of 
the third joint being continued in a cylindrical process (sometimes 
appearing as a separate, accessory article) which reaches to the end 
of the triangular fourth joint. 
The maxille are moderately developed. The cardinal and basal 
pieces are not well distinguished; the maxillary lobe is armed with 
stout spines within; the palpi are prominent and four-jointed. The 
labium is thick and semi-circular, with little appearance of a pal- 
pigerous tubercle. The labial palpi are slender, cylindrical, and unar- 
ticulated. The mandibles are dark brown, with black tips, and are 
without marginal teeth or lobes. 
Pupe.—(Plate IX, Fig. 2.) The pupe are three and a half mm. 
long by two and a half wide. They are white, except the eyes and 
the mandibles, which show through the outer envelope red or black 
* These ventral tubercles are more prominent in the larva of Colaspis than in the 
other genera, and are also more strongly spinose; but they are inaccurately represented 
in the figure published in the Third Report of the State Entomologist of Missouri, and 
reproduced in the American Entomologist for 1880, 
