148 



mens sent to him. It also occasionally attacks the roots of apple and 

 pear trees, either boring into or gnawing them so as to seriously injure 

 the trees. 



Prionus imbricornis. — Linn. (The Tile-horned Prionus.) 



This species is very similar in size, color, and general appearance 

 to the preceding, but may readily be distinguished from it by the 

 form of the antennse, which, in the male, are 18 to 20-jointed, and in 

 the female 16 to 17-jointed, and each joint is furnished on one side 

 with a long sharp tooth ; these teeth overlap each other like tiles. It 

 varies in length from an inch and one-eighth to an inch and a half. 

 In other respects the species are almost exactly alike. 



The larva is similar in every respect to that of the preceding spe- 

 cies, and, like it, works in the roots of grape-vines. The length of 

 time these species remain in the larva state has not been definitely 

 determined, but it is not less than two or three years, probably the 

 latter. 



Remedies. — As it is impossible for the vineyardist to become aware 

 of the presence of the larvae until the effect of their work is shown 

 by the decay of the vine, there is little chance of saving it after it is 

 once attacked. When the vines are found dying without any visible 

 cause, it is well to examine the roots, and after the borer is found., 

 destroy it at once. The beetles, whenever found, should be carefully 

 destroy ed. 



II. Sub-Family Cerambycin^:. 



The species of this sub-family differ from those of Lamiinss in 

 having the head horizontal or inclined, instead of vertical; * from 

 the Lepturians they differ in having the head attached directly to the 

 thorax without any distinct neck, in having the eyes notched or 

 lunate instead of round, and in not having the elytra tapering pos- 

 teriorly ; and from Prioninte they are distinguished by having the 

 thorax more or less cylindrical and not thinned out on the sides to a 

 sharp margin. The thorax is very often barrel-shaped, with or with- 

 out a spine or tubercle on each side. They are of various colors, often 

 variegated with strong contrasts. 



The larvae, as in the previous sub-family, have the head narrower 

 than the body, which is usually largest in front and tapering slightly 

 backwards. 



Callidium amoexum — Say. 



This species may be distinguished from the following by the fact 

 that the base of the antenna? are not enveloped by the eyes that the 

 second joint of the antennse is rather large, and by the following de- 

 scription from Say: 



It has been bred by Prof. Pviley from grape vines, but to what ex- 



• Ii is proper to warn the reader that In a number of the species of this Bub-family the bead is 



so Inclined as to make the face appear vertical, but this term, as used above, signifies tbat the face 

 in Lamiinx is vertical as compared with the buck of the head. 



