HOW TO NAME THE EIRDS 7 



Hampshire, etc., while southeastern New York is at 

 once the southern boundary of those pecuHar to the Al- 

 leghanian fauna, and the northern boundary of those 

 pecuhar to the CaroHnian fauna ; which explains why 

 southeastern New York is so often referred to in stating 

 the distribution of species. 



While the ornithological exploration of New York has 

 perhaps been as thorough as that of the other States, the 

 results have not yet been systematized and tabulated, as 

 in New England, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey. But 

 by consulting local lists compiled in the northern, cen- 

 tral, southeastern, and western parts of the State, with 

 the knowledge that its avifauna is essentially Allegha- 

 nian, and, from its situation, is almost utterly precluded 

 from having species distinct from those of Pennsylvania, 

 it is evident that the various portions are closely identi- 

 cal with corresponding latitudes in New England. It is 

 therefore to be understood that, when a New England 

 State is named as a limit of distribution, the same is 

 approximately true of the corresponding latitude in New 

 York. 



Special attention has been given to the birds of Penn- 

 sylvania, whose varied topography of mountain, plain, 

 lake, and stream secures for it the richest avifauna of all 

 the territory. The '^Mts. of Pa.," so often alluded to 

 in the following pages, refers to the Appalachian range — 

 a mountainous belt two hundred miles broad (one-quar- 

 ter of the State), running nearly north and south in the 

 central and eastern parts, and composed of numerous 



