26 ANTHROPOID APES. 



and South Sea races. The nipple is cyliudrical 

 rather than conical in shape, and covered with 

 finely wrinkled black skin, which is sometimes hard 

 and horny. When not giving suck, the breasts hang 

 slackly down, like short empty pouches. The belly 

 swells in the neighbourhood of the crest of the ilium, 

 and increases in thickness at the groin. The ex- 

 ternal sexual organs, in the period of excitement, 

 swell in a manner resembling the lips of a woman's 

 pudenda. 



In a young female the cranium is rounded, and 

 the face is only slightly prominent. In aged 

 specimens, especially in those of the male sex, there 

 is a somewhat typical prolongation of that part of 

 the face which lies between the eyes and the end 

 of the nose, and this is to a slight extent apparent 

 in the young female. Variations in form and in the 

 extent of the prolongation are, however, apparent 

 even at this early period. The trunk and limbs 

 are more slenderly built than in a male of the 

 same age. 



The hairy coat of the gorilla consists of long, 

 thick, straight or stiffly curved bristles, and also of 

 shorter, thinner, and curled woolly liair. On the 

 crown of the head the hair is somewhat stiff, from 

 12 to 20 mm. in length, and it becomes erect under 

 the influence of anger. While the sides and fore- 

 part of the chin are only clothed with short, stiff 

 hairs, they grow thickly on the back part of the 

 chin, like a beard or forelock. The hairs which 

 turn outwards from the sides of the face and on the 

 neck are 30 or more mm. in length. On the 



