112 ANTHROPOID APES. 



controvert the fact that this temporal process is a 

 characteristic of the lower races. Stieda asserts 

 that it may occur exceptioually in all races of men.* 

 He himself, aided by Anutschin, has ascertained the 

 existence of this anomalous pterion on more than 

 10,000 human skulls, and he has also received 

 information from others. He considers the frequency 

 of this frontal process in man to be theromorpho- 

 logical, or indeed pithecoid. According to Anutschin, 

 this anomalous condition is not equally common in 

 all races. In the dark-skinned and woolly-haired 

 races (Australians, Papuans, and negroes) the frontal 

 process is most widely diffused ; it is less frequent 

 among Mongolians and Malays ; and among Ameri- 

 cans and white men its occurrence is from five to 

 six times more uncommon than in the black races. 

 Sometimes the frontal process occurs on the inter- 

 calary bone (Ossa ejnpterica), which is fused into the 

 squamous portion of the temporal bone ; and some- 

 times the process grows out of the squamous portion 

 of the temporal bone. These imperfect processes or 

 intercalary bones are not regarded by Anutschin as 

 pithecoid, since they are more rare in apes than in 

 men. Schlocker has sought to show that the frontal 

 process of the squamous portion of the temporal 

 bone, the less common temporal process of the frontal 

 bone, and the temporal intercalary bone (Ossa epip- 

 terica) are of equal' value from the genetic point of 

 view.t This author regards the frontal process and 



* Archiv. fur Anthropologie, p. 121 : 1878. 



t Schlocker, Ueber die Anonialien des Pterion, Inaugural 

 dissertation. Dorpat, 1879. 



