Hi ANTHROPOID APES. 



arch (Fig. 35). This also occurs in the adult female 

 chimpanzee, as well as in the young male gorilla, 

 in the aged female orang, and in the gibbon. 



It may here be observed that our men of science 

 differ widely in opinion respecting the origin and 

 ethnological significance of the Neanderthal skull, 

 of which I will cite only a few instances. Pruner 

 regards it as the skull of an idiot.* Virchow 

 considers the specimen, and the similar one from 

 Kailykke in the Copenhagen IMuseum, as an alto- 

 gether individual formation,! a typical form modified 

 by disease,J in other words, a pathological skull.§ 

 King regards the skull as one belonging to one 

 of the primitive races.|| Schaaffhauser has, indeed, 

 endeavoured to make an artistic portrait of such 

 a primitive man. Spengel holds that skulls which 

 are " Neanderthaloid " in form are to be found 

 chiefly in Europe. IT Huxley says decidedly that 

 the Neanderthal skull can by no means be regarded 

 as the remains of a human being which was a link 

 between man and apes. At most this discovery 

 only proves the existence of a man whose skull 

 reverted in some respects to the simian type, just 

 as a carrier or tumbler pigeon may sometimes 



* Bulletin de la Sociitd d'Anthropologie, iv. fig. 305. 



t Verhandlungen, der Berliner Qesellschaft fur Anthropologie, 

 p. 164 : 1872. 



X Die vierie allgemeine Versammlung der deutschen GesellscJiaft 

 fiir Anthropologie, p. 49. 



§ Die Urbevolkerung Europas, p. 4G. 



II Quarterly Journal of Science, January, 1864. Comp. also 

 Fiihlrott, Der fossile Mensch aus dem Neanderthal : Daisburg, 1865. 



*f Archiv.filr Anthropologie, viii fig. 63. 



