118 ANTHROPOID APES. 



a surprising degree in the skulls of intelligent, war- 

 like, and light-skinned races of Central and Western 

 Africa, and as the Monbuttre, Haussaua, Bakale, 

 Fan, etc. This character may be discovered in all 

 races of men, and especially among the Papuans 

 and some x\frican negroes. 



A mutual approximation of the temporal ridges 

 in the coronal region may be observed in the skulls 

 of various nations. This formation is most frequent 

 in the long-headed negro and Papuan skulls. In 

 these cases it is generally allied with the shortness 

 of the interval between the sides of the skull, taken 

 in its transverse diameter (stenocephalism). 



In an adult female chimpanzee, the parietal bones 

 often rise abruptly towards the sagittal suture, and 

 in its vicinity there arises a longitudinal bony 

 prominence, of which the sides pass gradually into 

 the external surface of the parietal bones. The 

 sagittal suture sometimes remains intact, and is 

 sometimes included by this process. This produces 

 a modified development of the so-called keel-shaped 

 skull {scaphocephalas). Such a formation may be 

 often observed in negroes and Papuans, and more 

 rarely in the skulls of other races. The occur- 

 rence of a divided malar bone in human skulls, 

 especially in those of the Ainos and Japanese, has 

 been considered to be theromorphic, since it is 

 occasionally observed in the skulls of apes.* I have 



* Ten Kate, loc. cit. pp. 17, 42. Virchow is of opinion that 

 the facts are not sufficiently clear to enable us to judge how far 

 this formation affects men {Monat^bericht der Akademie der 

 Wissenschaft zu Berlin, p. 258: 1881). The detachment of the 



