ANATOMICAL STRUCTURE OF ANTHROPOID APES. 119 



myself, in a very few instances, found obscure traces 

 of such a formation among anthropoids. 



In 1863 Boucher de Perthes found at Abbeville 

 half of a human lower jaw deposited in a black layer 

 of clay and sand mixed with iron, and lying on 

 the chalk. As far as we can judge from illustrations 

 which are for the most part imperfect, there was 

 nothing remarkable about it except its abruptly re- 

 treating ramus (Fig. 36), but the specimen aroused 

 great attention at the time, and it was assigned by 



Fig. 36. — Lower jaw of Moulin-Quignon. 



many intelligent observers to the primitive men of 

 the diluvial period. Unfortunately it was after- 

 wards proved to be a gigantic imposture.* 



This is not the case with the lower jaws of 

 Naulette, Aurignac, and Arcy, which are un- 

 doubtedly genuine and of great antiquity. The 

 Naulette jaw is, indeed, very imperfect, yet we can 

 trace the construction of the symphysis of the chin, 



malar bone from the spheno-maxillary fissure of tlie orbit lias up 

 to this time been too rarely observed in anthropoids to merit 

 serious consideration in this work. 

 * Joly, Man before Metals : London. 



