140 



ANTHROPOID APES. 



for instance, in the Cro-Magnon tibia, and in another 



found at Troy. 



If we give a cursory glance at the lower limbs of 



apes, we see that all the same characteristics are 

 present in their tarsus that we 

 find in the human tarsus. In 

 each case there is an astra- 

 galus, an OS calcis, a scaphoid 

 bone, three cuneiform bones, 

 and a cuboid bone. There are 

 undoubtedly several peculiari- 

 ties in which the tarsus. diifers 

 from the corresponding part 

 of the human foot.. The first 

 metatarsal bone \^ joined to 

 the first cuneiform bone by 

 an articular facet which ex- 

 tends from the back to the 

 sole of the foot. This joint 

 plays a part resembling that 

 of the thumb of the human 

 hand (see Figs. 20 and 46). 



In Huxley's opinion, the 

 hinder limbs of the gorilla 

 terminate in a true foot, with 



Fig. 4C. — Skeleton of the human 

 foot, seen from above, a, As- a VCrV mOVablo great toC. Jt 

 tragalus. 6, Os calcis. c. Sea- . '' ~ i • i 



phoidbone. d, e,/, Cuneiform ig Undoubtedly a prehensuo 



bones, g. Cuboid bone, h, j l 



Metatarsal bones, ii, Pha- foot, but in UO SCUSC a hand. 



langes. _' 



It is a foot which does not 

 differ from the numan foot in any essential cha- 

 racteristics, but only in relative circumstances, in 

 the degree of flexibility, and in the subordinate 



