106 ANTHROPOID APES. 



a flattened round tendon. This tendon, howt-ver, 

 opposite the bend of the elbow, gives off a broad 

 expansion, which passes into the fascia of the 

 forearm, and is termed Aponeurosis hicijntis. In 

 the gorilla this aponeurosis is carried on as strong 

 fibrous bundles of the fascia of the forearm into 

 the palmar fascia. In the gibbon the short head 

 of the muscle does not always start from the lesser 

 tuberosity of the humerus, nor from the tendon of 

 the pectoralis major (Huxley), but sometimes from 

 the edge of the lesser tuberosity, which is here 

 connected with the latissimus dorsi, as well as with 

 the sub-scapularis, the brachialis auticus, which is 

 more to the side, and with the triceps. In the 

 gibbon, as Bischoff justly observes, the supinator 

 longus only reaches as far as the centre of the radius, 

 instead of extending to the styloid process of that 

 bone, as it does in other anthropoids, and in man. 



The palmaris longus is wanting in the gorilla, 

 but not in other anthropoids. The long flexor 

 muscles of the fingers and the lumbricales resemble 

 those of man (Figs. 51, 52). The flexor longus 

 pollicis is absent in the gorilla. Duvernoy con- 

 siders that it is replaced by a tendon of the long 

 flexor of the fore-finger, but I have been unable to 

 verify the existence of this tendon. The same 

 muscle is also absent in the chimpanzee and the 

 orang, but it may be traced in Hylobates alhimanus. 

 Chapman states that in the gorilla the pronator 

 radii teres only sends forth one head,* but I have 



* Proceedings of the Acade7ny of Natural Sciences of Phila- 

 delphia, 1879.- 



