DISTRIBUTION, HABITS, AND NATIVE NAMES. 241 



called Kiilu. The natives of Niam-Niam call the 

 chimpanzee Ranja or Mandjaruma. The traders 

 who speak Arabic adopt the name Bam or M'Bam. 

 The orang-utan is found in the large xVsiatic 

 islands of Borneo and Sumatra, more frequently in 

 the former island. It is particularly common a few 

 days' journey to the west of Suugi-Kapajan, on the 

 river Sampiet, in Kotaringin, and in other remote 

 districts on the southern and western coasts.* The 

 Dyaks of Long-Wai told the traveller Bock that the 

 orang was also found further to the north, and at 

 Teweh, as well as in Dusem, to the west of Kutai.f 

 Wallace states that this animal is widely diffused 

 in Borneo, inhabiting many parts of the south-west, 

 south-east, north-east, and north-west coasts, but that 

 it is restricted to the low-lying marshy forests. It 

 seems at first sight inexplicable that this ape should 

 be unknown in Sarawak, while it abounds in Sambas 

 on the west, and in Sadong on the east, but a closer 

 acquaintance with the habits and mode of life of 

 the orang enables us to discern sufficient grounds 

 for the apparent anomaly in the physical conditions 

 of Sarawak. In Sadong, where Wallace observed 

 the orang, he only found it in low marshy districts 

 which were at the same time covered with pri- 

 meval forests. Many isolated hills rise from these 

 marshes, upon which the Dyaks have settled, and 

 have planted them with fruit trees. These are a 



* Duirentnin : Illustrated description of the mammals and 

 birds kept in the Zoological Gardens, Amsterdam. Published 

 in the Dutcli language about 1862. 



'I" Unter den Kannihalen auf Borneo, etc., p. 31. 



