SUMMARY. 301 



descent are becoming ever more convinced that man 

 cannot be the issue of any extant form of anthro- 

 poids. It is true that a close, and in many respects 

 a very close, physical connection may be traced 

 between men and anthropoids, but not the possi- 

 bility of a direct descent from the one to the other. 

 This is especially shown from the physical develop- 

 ment of the larger apes, which only strongly resemble 

 men in their youthful stages, and lose this character 

 more and more as they grow older. The absolute 

 deficiency of any capacity for the further develop- 

 ment of the intellectual qualities of our modern 

 species of anthropoids is another proof of this fact ; 

 their intelligence is, indeed, higher than that of 

 other mammals, and also of other apes, but they are 

 still far behind the intelligence of man, which is 

 capable of still further development. 



In the process of physical growth, as I feel my- 

 self compelled often to repeat, anthropoids con- 

 stantly diverge further from the human organization. 

 C. Vogt justly observes : " When we consider the 

 principles of the modern theory of evolution, as it is 

 applied to the history of development, we are met 

 by the important fact that in every respect the 

 young ape stands nearer to the human child than 

 the adult ape does to the adult man. The original 

 differences between the young creatures of both types 

 are much slighter than in their adult condition : 

 this assertion, made long since in my lectures on the 

 human race, has received a striking confirmation 

 from recent autopsies of young anthropoids which 

 have died in the Zoological Gardens of Europe. In 

 14 



