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winter is passed in the latter stage, at least in part, as is proven by the 
occurrence of adult wingless viviparous females as early as April 5, n> 
a log, on grass, attended by Lasius interjectus, and as late as November _ 
25, in the burrows of ZL. alienus, in a corn field. The accompanying ~ 
table shows that the young have been found as early as April 12 and as | 
late'as August 11. In the former case they were born in a breeding 
cage {rom stem-mothers introduced April 5, and in the latter they were 
taken from the roots of “grass” in a sorghum field. Between these dates 
they have been found frequently in May, June, and July upon the roots ~ 
of various food plants, such as corn, grass, Setaria, smartweed (Polyg- 
onum), timothy, Panicum, and sorghum. 
The “pup” (showing wing-pads) have been collected five times, 
as follows: May 26, June 1, July 13 and 15, and August 4. . 
The winged viviparous female (winged pseudogyne) has been found 
by us eight times, as follows: June 1 on Setaria roots in corn field; 
June 10 on grass roots in corn field; June 13, 17, and 23 on roots of 
corn; June 25 on grass roots, on corn, and on blue-grass; July 13 on 
roots of Setaria, Panicum, and corn; and July 15 on Setaria roots in 
corn. Almost every year during the past ten years we have taken the 
winged pseudogyne during the month of J une, and but twice (July 13 
and 15) in any other month. Pup of this form have occurred, how- 
ever, August +. June 25, 1889, winged forms were observed migrating 
from a corn field to a pastwre—mostly blue-grass. They came from the 
roots of corn and grasses, in the corn fields, to the upper leaves of smart- 
weed, corn, and other plants, and, after resting there a few minutes, rose 
vertically into the air and flew very rapidly, with the wind, to an ad- 
joining field of blue-grass, where they were taken in great numbers by 
sweeping. 
The early spring history of this species is best indicated by notes 
made April 5, 1884, by my assistant, Prof. H. Garman, now of the State 
College of Kentucky. Root lice whose identification as Schizoneura 
panicola has lately been verified by us, were obtained by him April 5 
from a nest of ants of the species Lasius interjectus, which had estab- 
lished themselves in a rotten log at the edge of a corn field near Bloom- 
ington, Ill. This nest contained likewise a number of eggs of aphides 
probably not of this species. The collection made was exposed to a 
colony of ants of the species above mentioned, which had been kept in. — 
a Lubbock formicary during the winter, with the result that the ants 
from the field were driven away and the Schizoneura and aphis eggs 
were seized upon and carried away into the burrows of the colony. 
Here all were cared for during about three weeks, when the observations 
terminated. A tuft of blue-grass was placed within reach of the ants, 
and upon this the root lice were colonized and began to breed April 
12, the young there born being alive and in good condition April 25. 
According to another experiment, begun by Mr. C. M. Weed May 
16, 1887, a wingless female of this species obtained from the roots of 
Setaria in an oat field was placed on that plant in a breeding cage. 
The next dav she had moulted and given birth to young, additions to her 
brood being made at intervals to May 21, when the observation termi- 
nated. 
