EXPERIMENT STATION REPORT. 595 



but it seems that a larger proportion of them are dead than I 

 thought when I examined them on the 21st. There are no crawl- 

 ing larva? or live white sets." 



October 22nd. with a new supply of material, another spraying 

 was made with "Kill-O-Scale", i part, to water 20 parts, and 106 

 gallons of mixture were applied to 134 trees, representing practi- 

 cally all those trees that were in such condition as to be worth 

 the saving. At this time Mr. Marsh eliminated all those trees 

 that were so badly injured as to be practically worthless, or which 

 would have to be cut back to the branches to make a new growth. 

 Only those were retained which were yet sound enough to mature 

 the fruit set indicated by the developing buds. Of the lot sprayed 

 October nth, fourteen trees were left as a check to determine 

 whether two sprayings would be more effective than one, and 

 whether any injury would develope on fruit buds. In view of 

 the spreading quality of the material and the fine mist in which it 

 was applied, it wilf be seen that the treatment amounted to a 



October 31st, the final examination was made and Harold O. 

 Marsh reports: "There are practically no live scales on these 

 trees except for an occasional adult or older set. One of the 

 adults had newly born larvse beneath it. The trees have a darker 

 appearance than those unsprayed and some of the branches are 

 gray with dead scales. A very few, if any at all, of the fruit buds 

 are injured. There are quite a few more live scales on the 14 

 check trees in the last two rows, which were not resprayed with 

 "Kill-O-Scale", than on those which were resprayed. The fruit 

 buds are the same as on those resprayed."* 



It may be noted here that all scales that begin breedmg m fall, 

 die during that same fall and no females that once begin to repro- 

 duce survive the winter. That accounts for these occasional late 

 females that continue to bear young long after there is any chance 

 for the latter to reach the hibernating condition. Those young 

 that are born after the sap ceases to circulate and the foliage 

 drops never reach a stage that will enable them to resist the wm.- 

 ter The larvae noted on the 31st of October have absolutely no 

 chance of surviving. Those that do survive are of the lot that set 

 during the latter part of September or even a little before, reach 

 the half grown stage and then, covered by a dense black scale, 

 become dormant. .,..,, 



Taking up in somewhat greater detail the individual experi- 

 ments Miave already reported on the simple solutions of Pot- 

 assium sulphide, and Sodium sulphite, and the results have shown 



*In April 190 5 scarcely a live scale could be found and not a fruit bad had been harmed. 



