610 NEW JERSEY AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE 



application of summer mixtures, many CoccinelUd beetles, as well as 

 their larvae and pupae, would be destroyed, although those protected by 

 the cottony masses and the parasites would not be. Thus it is evident 

 that spraying operations against the scale must be carried on in 

 winter, while the trees are dormant. At that time any of the soluble 

 petroleum preparations, kerosene emulsion, lime-sulphur or soap mix- 

 tures will be effective when used at winter strength. 



Distribntion of the Insect. 



A point of interest is the extent of territory in this State now in- 

 fested by the insect. This is from Englewood and Passaic, on the 

 north, to New Brunswick and Keyport, on the south, and lies east^ 

 of the Watchung mountains. It is interesting to note, also, that 

 throughout all the infested region the enemies of the scale were 

 found with it, and undoubtedly will reduce it next season in the 

 same manner that they have done this 3'ear at Montclair. As a 

 result, the insect will probably not be as abundant again for several 

 seasons. 



Practical Suggestions. 



From the observations recorded by Mr. Dickerson it would seem 

 that, in general, the natural enemies may be trusted to gain control 

 of this cottony scale before it has caused serious injury to the tree. 

 It is indicated, further, that summer applications of insecticides are 

 not practical, but that winter treatment would probably be effective. 

 The difficulty would be in the cost and in getting the work 

 thoroughly done. 



The East Orange Shade Tree Commission has solved the problem 

 by mechanical means. They spray there with water only, and direct 

 a small, solid jet at the developing cottony masses, readily dislodging 

 and scattering them. An insect in that stage, once dislodged, cannot 

 regain its hold, and larvi-e hatching from eggs on the ground are 

 incapable of making their way to the trees. I have very generally 

 recommended the use of a garden hose, with a solid jet, wherever 

 city water pressure was available, and as the infestation is usually 

 on the lower branches and on the under side, that works in most 

 cases. 



