214 LLOYDS NATURAL HISTORY. 



Characters. — Head large in proportion to the body. Hair of 

 crown short, reflexed, without crest or " horns." Tail with 

 rather long hair. Face, forehead, throat, shoulders, and crest 

 white. General colour of body light or reddish-brown ; back 

 and outer side of the Hmbs, brownish-red. 



Distribution. — Generally distributed through the forests of the 

 level country of the Upper Amazon. 



Habits. — The Caiarara, as the Tupi Indians name this species, 

 lives in troops in the forests and feeds on fruits. Mr. Bates, 

 who kept one in captivity for a considerable period during his 

 stay in the Upper Amazon region, describes it as "a most 

 restless creature, but not playful like most of the American 

 Monkeys ; the restlessness of its disposition seeming to arise 

 from great nervous irritability and discontent. The anxious, 

 painful, and changeable expression of its countenance, and the 

 want of purpose in its movements, betray this. Its actions are 

 like those of a wayward child ; it dees not seem happy even 

 when it has plenty of its favourite food, bananas ; but will 

 leave its own meal to snatch the morsels out of the hands of 

 its companions. It differs in these mental traits from its 

 nearest kindred, for another common Cebus, foui.d in the same 

 parts or the forest, the Prego Monkey (C cirrifer), is a much 

 quieter and better tempered animal. . . . The Caiarara 

 [called Ouavapavi, by Humboldt] is always making some 

 noise or other, often screwing up its mouth and uttering a suc- 

 Jession of loud notes resembling a whistle." It is the most 

 wonderful leaper of the whole tribe. Mr. Bates has also re- 

 corded: — "The troops consist of thirty or more individuals 

 which travel in single file. When the foremost of the flock reaches 

 the outermost branch of an unusually lofty tree, he springs forth 



