580 NEW JERSEY AGRKTTLTURAL COLLEGE 



or where two sprayings have \)cvu made. The unsatisfactory re- 

 sults are due apparently to the fart that the insects are protected 

 to a greater or less extent by the rongh bark, or by plant hairs, or 

 that the trees are large, and it is hard to reach all parts and cover 

 thoroughly. In. other words, the trouble is mechanical, and is dne 

 largely to the character of the Avash, Avhich tends to fomi a coating 

 over a crevice or velvety surface rather than to penetrate into or 

 through it. Brought into direct contact with it, the wash kills 

 scciles as readily on apple as on jieach. On some pear trees the 

 waxy surface forms an additional obstacle, because the w^ash will 

 not stick in an even coating, but will nui off in streaks. 



While some of the sprayers used equal ])roportions of lime and 

 sulphur, many preferred an excess of lime, and the tendency was 

 to reduce the amount of salt or omit it altogether. Those who used 

 the mixture without salt claim very satisfactory results. In the 

 Hunterdon county districts, near New Germantown and Lebanon,, 

 the 40 lime, 30 sulphur and 20 salt to 90-100 gallons of w-ater, is 

 in favor, and some of the farmers boil for their neighbors, while 

 some buy the mixture from dealers in spraying machinery, etc.^ 

 who make up any desired quantity on order. This is convenient 

 where no great amount of material is needed and the bother and 

 expense of fitting up a boiling plant is a bar to a use of the ma- 

 terial. 



In making the combination, some, especially those who have had 

 little experience, depend upon the length of time recommended for 

 boiling to obtain a good mixture, but as a rule those who have 

 had experience dcju'iul rather u}kiu the appearance of the mixture, 

 and Avhen it has obtained the right ccdor and consistency consider 

 it ready for use, irrespective of the elapsed time. 



Only one or two cases of using sclf-h(j>Icd )iiijiiire are recorded. 

 One of these is a grower near Riverton, who has been successful 

 with such a condunation, not only on peach, but also on old, bear- 

 ing pear and apple trees which in the past were very scaly and are 

 uow^ clean. The success in this instance is due to first-class ma- 

 terials and first-class work. A suflicient excess of lime is used to 

 obtain the heat necessary to nud-ce the combination, hot water is 

 nsed in slaking, and as soon as the materials are mixed and the 

 lime is boiling, the barrel is covered to retain the heat. The appli- 

 cation is not only made with great force, but in such excess that a 

 coinplete coating is formed and every crack or crevice is filled. 



