MARKHOR 361 
corkscrew-like spiral, with comparatively few turns, recalling those of the 
kudu ; the spiral being most open, the spread widest, and the turns 
fewest in the Astor form. Height at shoulder of a Gilgit specimen, 
383 inches; of Kashmir specimens, from 38 to 41 inches; weight 
from about 200 to 240 lbs. The Astor race is found in Astor, 
Baltistan, and Chilas, while the Pir Panjal form inhabits the Pir Panjal 
and Kajnag ranges of Kashmir, and extends to the north-west into 
Hazara. In Chitral and Gilgit occur gradations between horns of the 
Pir Panjal and Astor types, the specimen shown on page 364 being 
one of these intermediate types. 
Horns of Astor Markhor. From Mr. A. O. Hume’s specimen. 
Length. 
pees Sree pase Tip to Tip. Locality. Owner. 
163 2 eas sais Pir Panjal ‘ . Major-General A, A. A. 
Kinloch. 
607 394 114 46 Gilgit : ; - Capt. H. Barstow. (See 
illustration. ) 
60 bi aD a Astor : ; - Lucknow Museum. 
—59 Ee 12 36 Kajnag.. ; . The late Major J. C. Shirres. 
59 36 10} aes Do. : : . Lieut.-Col. S. D. Turnbull. 
—583 40} 10 384 Gilgit : : - Marquis of Lansdowne. 
— Owner's measurements. 
1 Picked up either on the Pir Panjal or Kajnag Ranges by the late Col. Cuppage, 
and measured by General Kinloch. 
