38 



infested by a few living- scales September 11 of the following- year. 



No. 10. On Thomas H. Wilson's place a few trees -were re- 

 ported infested in a six-acre orchard of apple and peach. One hun- 

 dred and twenty-six trees were fumig-ated here December 4 and 5, 

 and September 11 of the following- year living- scales were found 

 on ninety per cent, of them. The wind was troublesome at this 

 place, the canvas was stiff with ice and easily torn, and lumps of 

 frozen earth were dug- up to hold the bottom of the tent in place. 



No. 11. A thirty-five-acre orchard of Thomas Brown's, in 

 which a number of infested peach-trees were found along- one side, 

 was treated December 7-16, 348 trees being- fumig-ated here in all. 

 These rang-ed from six to twenty-five feet in heig-ht, the majority 

 requiring- tents of medium size. On the 14th of December a moist 

 snow stopped the work, which was resumed the following- day in 

 snow about a foot deep. September 12, 1900, a few scales were 

 found on five of the trees, but the others were seeming-ly clear. 



No. 12. On the place of Frank Blair occupied by William 

 Blair was a badly infested young- orchard and two infested hedg-es 

 near by. One hundred and eig-hty-five trees of medium size were 

 fumig-ated here November 11-15. September 8 of the following- 

 year twenty-nine of these trees were critically examined, and six- 

 teen were found very slig-htly infested. The bases of the trunks of 

 some were, however, well stocked with living- scales, and sprouts 

 growing- up from near the base had thus become heavily infested. 



No. 13. On the place of James A. Wood sixty trees, some of 

 them badly infested, were fumig-ated December 6, and one was 

 cut down as worthless because of the scale. A few were very 

 larg-e, requiring- two of the larg-est tents to cover them. Septem- 

 ber 11, 1900, four of these trees were still badly infested, and thir- 

 ty-five per cent, of them showed more or less of the scale. 



Orchard Fii7n/g-atio)i at Richviczv. — With the transfer from 

 Sparta to Richview the problem of local extermination was materi- 

 ally simplified. The latter town is in the midst of a typical fruit 

 district. The orchards are larg-e and mainly well kept ; they are 

 comparatively young- and uniform and contain but few overg-rown 

 trees ; the infested district was not hopelessly larg-e ; and the sur- 

 rounding-s were not unfavorable to thoroug-h work, the presence of 

 Osatje orang-e hedg-es being- the most unfavorable feature. 



With the advantag-e of two months of active field experience 

 my party was prepared to do thoroug-h and careful work at this 

 place, and the instructions were to spare no labor or pains to kill 

 every scale in every infested orchard. Hydrocyanic acid g-as was 

 used for all trees to which it was adapted, but the attempt to 



