102 



14. The Pcar-Ieaf Blister (p. 132). 



Black blister-like spots on the pear leaf, reddish or green when 

 young-, an eig-hth of an inch or more in diameter. Thickly sprink- 

 ling- the surface when abundant, or running- together to cover 

 nearly the whole leaf. Caused by a minute four-legg-ed mite, 

 which winters under the bud-scales and infests the young leaves as 

 they put forth in spring-. 



15. The Tcnt-caicrpiUar {^^. 134). 



In winter, a thick belt of eg-g-s encircling the twig- in a way to 

 form a spindle-shaped mass three quarters of an inch in length. 

 In June, a colony of dark caterpillars, two inches long when full 

 g-rown, marked with blue, yellow, and black along the sides. A 

 close, tent-like web spun as a shelter and retreat across the forks 

 of branches in spring and enlarged as the growth of the colony 

 requires. 



1 6 . Th c Bao- zvorm ( p . 135). 



In winter, soft, oval, sack-like bodies, one to one and a half 

 inches long, more or less covered with a layer of leaves. Pointed 

 at both ends and fastened to the twig or branch by one of them. 

 Many of these bag-s contain masses of eggs, which hatch in May or 

 June. Young- caterpillars form for themselves a portable case, en- 

 larged as they grow, and feed on the leaves of fruit and ornamental 

 trees in nurseries and orchards. Much the commonest on ever- 

 greens, but sometimes injurious to the apple and other fruits. 



17. The Tussock- »ioi/i (p. 13(>). 



A beautiful small caterpillar, strikingly ornamented with long 

 black tufts of hair from both ends of the body, and with four short 

 pad-like brushes from the back, behind the coral-red head. Winters 

 as a mass of eg-gs attached to a gray cocoon and concealed in one 

 or more dead leaves fastened to a twig of apple, plum, willow, or 

 other fruit or ornamental tree, 



18. 'T/ic Aj^plc-srab (p. 137). 



A disease of the leaves and fruit produced by the scab fung-us 

 {Fiisichidiuni dcudn'iiciini^. First appearing in early spring- on the 

 leaves in the form of soot-colored spots with indefinite margins and 

 of various sizes. Causes holes in the leaf, these deadened blotches 

 breaking- throug-h and dropping out; or the whole leaf mav blacken^ 

 curl up, and fall. Appears also on the fruit, causing a black crust 

 or scab. Common in nurseries, especially on the older trees. Af- 

 fects apples of all kinds. 



1 ^». The J\\ir-b/io/it ( p . 124). 



(See above under No. S. ) 



