IS 



lioiial. 'V\\cy -aw tiiosi (l('s(rucli\ »> in rovw t'ollnw iiii; on ,i;r;iss or clovcM', 

 hut soiiuMiim^s coiiu^ into tlic lii'ld iVniu mradow or |);istur(> lands adjoin- 

 ing, wluMi tlu> DUtor rows ol" coiii, {){ coursr, suIT(M' worst. Whoro tlu\v 

 an* \-«M'y nunuM'ous it is \irtually inipossililc to ol>tain a stand of corn 

 until tlu> iHM'iod •»!' tlu-ir acti\(> injuries is passed. Many ot tluMu, wIumi 

 tht>y b(N'onu> so niuuorous on any spot as to o\(Mla\ tluMi- t'ood supply, 

 iuo\(> o\it ol' lh(> o\(M-populat(Nl fu^ld in conipanics not unlike those {)[' the 

 notttrious arniy-woi'in. I'Ik^ latliM- l»i>lon<;s, indeed, to th(> eutworni 

 I'aiuily. and when only ordinarily eonnuon li\(>s and t'et^ls. iiee,(>rall\' 

 sjieaUing, like the cutworms ol this list. 



Most of tho sjHM'ies pass the winter partly grown, and are con.^eciuently 

 prepariNl to inak(> lluar attack ou corn as soon as it. shows above gnnnul. 

 They entiM- \\\c r:\y\\\ lor tluMr transl'orniations wluai lull grtnvn. at times 

 \arying lor the dilTiMHMd sp(>ci(\-;, most (t|' IIumu in lat(> .hnn' ov c;\v\\ 

 ,U\}\ . They change^ in the (\irlh to leathery, Wrown pupa\ I'roin which 

 grayish or brownish night-Hying moths - the adults ol' ihe sjtecies — 

 emerge later in the s(>ason, and, la\ing their eggs in grass-lands, perisli 

 before the wintia-. The young hatching from tlu\se eggs live on the roots 

 ot" grasses until cold w(\atluM'. doing no notici\abU* injury, as a rule, during 

 tins fall [leriod. 



Tlu* griMter part of them tle\elop, in our latitude, only a single gen- 

 eration eai'h year, but a lew oi the most desti'uctive species are two- or 

 three- brooded. This fact siumus to make little ditYerence. however, from 

 th(* (>conomic point of \'\c\\ . e\c(*pl as the single-brooded spei'ies are less 

 able than the others to take prom[)t advantage, by their rate oi increase, 

 of specially favorable ct^nditious of location, crop, or weather of the 

 season. 



Injury to corn by cutworms is best [)re\t>nted by midsummer or 

 e;irly fall plowing of grass-lands to be planted to corn; by pasturing pigs 

 (»n grass or clo\er lands t(> be pKn\(\l up I'l^r corn; by disti'ibuting. by 

 the aid of a seed-drill, a line of dry bran or n\iddlings. i)oisoned by mixing 

 in Paris green at the rate of a pound of the [husou to thirty pounds of 

 \\\v l\>od-stulY, or by scattering poisoned (ooA in spring ;d(M\g the bordei*s 

 of corn ticdds next to grass; and by re}>lanting when corn is killed by 

 tluMU, jH^stponing this steji, lunvever, until the cutwc^rm injury has prac- 

 tically ceased iov {\\v season. The I'arlitM- tlu> prei'inling year grass-lands 

 to be planted to corn are plowed, the less will be the probability that the 

 cutw(M-m moths will have laid their eggs thereon, and the less, conse- 

 tpuMitly, will be the danger of injury by t-utwdrms ihe follow ing year. 



The pointv^ in the life history o( the various cutworms essential tt^ 

 successful management are thus the time when the greater part of the 

 eggs are laid t\n' the hibern.ating broivl o\ the caterpillars, auil the time 

 when this hibernating bnuul gets its growth in spring, ceases its injuries, 

 and goes into the ground for itv^ change to the puj^a stat<*. The tii-st 



