1906. No.3. AMUNDSEN’S OCEANOGRAPHIC OBSERVATIONS IN 1901. 89 
It must consequently be expected that great alterations in salinity 
and temperature will take place at the surface in this region from summer 
to winter, and temperatures during the winter and spring will be found 
to be very low. 
In the winter and spring of 1882, when the writer visited the sea 
between Jan Mayen, Spitsbergen, and Bear Island, the ice masses ex- 
tended unusually far towards the east. The following temperature-series 
were taken, (with a Negretti and Zambra Reversing Thermometer) near 
or inside the margin of the floating ice-masses. 
Series of Water-Temperatures taken, in March and April, 1882. 
I 
Depth m | March 281 | uch og | Aprils | April so | April 24" 
Ta N. Ent So: 14° 8' N. Lat.|73° 4’ N. Lat.|73° 10° N. Lat. 
- 1 a5 f 7 hours o å o å o å 
Norwe- 4 53 ber: Io 30 13 24 II Io 
Metres gian E. Long. E. Long. E. Long. E. Long. 
Fathoms 
Air Air at GEBE | Be A 
o o 26 GC | x € une re € ae 
19 | 10 — 24 å her —17 » 
38 20 EE © | aa, 1 Sy [es 
57 30 FN tv u 
75 40 — rd ” 
94 50 Ro le EY as 
113 60 org 
ISI 80 of | 
188 100 DT ana 
The water-samples taken at these stations, and brought home in 
sealed glass-tubes for chemical research, got lost in the laboratory where 
they were going to be examined, and their salinities were thus unfor- 
tunately never determined. 
The Station on March 28, 1882, was taken about 8 naut. miles 
south of Mohn’s Stat. 304 where the following temperatures were found 
on July 20, 1878, at about the same depths: 
plain why this water is not deflected more towards the Greenland coast by the Earth’s 
rotation; and how it is possible for an intermediate layer of warm water, moving south- 
wards, to occur between this heavy water and the coast. It would be necessary to 
assume that this intermediate warm water had made the circuit of the North Polar 
Basin, north of the region from which the cold heavy water comes. 
1 Professor Mohn gives the temperature series of these two stations in his memoir on the 
Norwegian Sea (op. cit. p. 95) but he has reduced the temperatures by —o'1° C. It is 
probable however, that the above values are more accurate. He has also altered the 
reading for 20 fathoms on April 24, 1882, to — instead of + (and gives —2° C). 
? An ice-crust was then being formed at the water-surface. 
