Table I. 
Surface Temperatures, Salinities, and Densities along Amundsen’s Route, 
April—Sept. 1901. 
Explanations of Table I. 
ıst Column. Date and Hour of Observation. 
2nd Column. North Latitude (N) and Longitude East (E) or West (W) of Greenwich. 
For 8 a. m. and 8 p. m., or where this has not been suitable, at the nearest 
hours, the Temperature of the Air as well as the Magnetic Direction and Velocity 
of the Wind are given. The first figure is the Temperature of the Air in degrees 
Centigrade. The letters, N, W, etc., indicate the Magnetic Direction of Wind, 
and the last figure its Velocity according to a Scale ranging between o (= calm) 
and 6 (= Hurricane), and where the figures consequently have a value double 
those of the Beaufort Scale. 
zrd Column. Depth in Metres. An asterisk after the figure indicates that the water sample 
was taken by the Amundsen Water-Bottle while the ship was sailing. The 
Temperature was then taken by a thermometer inserted in the water-bottle when 
it came on deck. 
The surface water for the other observations was taken with an ordinary 
bucket. 
4th Column. Temperature of the water i situ, in Degrees Centigrade. The thermometer 
No. 638 was used for most observations, it had a correction of o'o° C. (see ps)» 
In some few cases the thermometers No. 35 and 39 were used. The latter had 
no correction at zero and the former a zero correction of —0'05 ? C. 
sth Column. Salinity (°/,,) derived by M. Knudsen’s Tables from permillage of Chlorine, 
determined by Titration (Mohr). Some water-samples taken with the Amundsen 
Glass Water-Bottle on cold days in April and May, 1901, give absurd values of 
Salinity. The reason is obviously that ice has been formed on the water-bottle 
(see above p. 7). 
6th Column. Density (ot) of Sea-Water derived by Knudsen’s Tables from Salinity and 
Temperature. 
Footnotes. The footnotes give the colour of the sea. Ice-sludge and “pancake-ice“ means 
generally that new ice is being formed on the sea-surface. When the ice-crust is 
broken by the wave-movement it is broken into rounded disks of the size of 
pancakes, or into still smaller pieces forming by the friction against each other an 
ice-sludge. 
