COMPARISON WITH OTHER COUNTRIES OG. 
and that of the others lies in the presence of a considerable 
number of arctic-alpine species, and to a less extent in the 
absence of some species of a Southern type. Scotland 
possesses 30 arctic-alpine species, England with Wales 5, 
and Ireland only 1, viz. Scapania wliginosa, but of 
which I have not seen a specimen from that country. 
Treland has a few lower alpine species of Northern type in 
Gymnomitriwm obtusum, Marsupella Sullivanti, Haplozia 
cordifolia, Lophozia alpestris, Anthelia julacea, and of 
lower alpine species of Atlantic type in Gymnomitriwm 
crenulatwm, Mastigophora Woodsii, Herberta adwnea, 
Scapania nimbosa, and S. ornithopodioides ; while England 
possesses in addition the lower alpine species Gymmno- 
mitriwm alprrnwm and Marswpella Boeckii, but is without 
Mastigophora Woodsii. The flora of these countries, with 
the possible exception of the highest mountainous part of 
Wales, can hardly be said to reach above the subalpine 
region. In comparison with the other parts of the British 
Isles, the arctic-alpine species confined to Scotland are: 
Pallavicinia Blyttii. Lophozia lycopodioides. 
Gymnomitrium corallioides. L. quadriloba. 
G. varians. L. Kunzeana. 
G. crassifolium. Sphenolobus politus. 
Marsupella condensata, S. saxicolus. 
M. nevicensis. Harpanthus Flotowianus. 
M. sparsifolia. Cephalozia pleniceps. 
Nardia Breidleri. Odontoschisma Macounii. 
N. subelliptica. Pleuroclada albescens. 
Lophozia Kaurini. Chandonanthus setiformis. 
L. heterocolpa. Anthelia Juratzkana. 
L. obtusa. Scapania paludosa. 
L. Wenzelii. 
The following are common to Scotland and England with 
Wales: 
Gymnomitrium concin- Diplophyllum taxifolium. 
natum. Scapania crassiretis. 
G. adustum. 
Scapania wliginosa having been recorded from Ireland, 
must be considered as common to the whole British Isles. 
Nearly all the Scottish subalpine species, excluding 
