LOPHOZIA 143 
common in the low-lying districts of Fife and the East 
Highlands at some distance from the hills. Over the 
remainder of the country it is common, including Orkney 
and Shetland. It ascends to the summits of the hills in 
Perthshire and to the summit of Ben Nevis. With sucha 
common species it is difficult to state where it is most 
abundant, but in the subalpine region of the centre of the 
Lowlands it is probably more in evidence than in any other 
district. 
It is found in all kinds of soil and situation, and varies 
in colour, though most commonly of a pale green, but 
becoming brown in dry places. It occurs in compact tufts 
or as scattered stems among other species. Perianths are 
frequent but not very common. Fruit, which is mature 
from April to June, is rather uncommon. Gemme are 
nearly always present. 
Lophozia porphyrolewca is treated as a variety, as the 
specimens were mostly without perianths, and the distinctive 
character of the mouth of the perianth, as recently given by 
Schiffner, was not taken into account at the time of examina- 
tion. This plant is uncommon in the West Lowlands, rare 
in the East Lowlands, and frequent but not common in 
the Highlands. 
It is usually found on decaying wood and roots, especially 
in the Lowlands and East Highlands, but frequently also 
on peat when in the West and North Highlands. The 
plant about the summits of the Perthshire hills and the 
Shetland specimens seemed to be more frequently referable 
to this plant than to L. ventricosa. 
S.W. Lownanps. — Dumfries: Whitecombe (Johns.) ; 
Moffat, F. (Miss Macv.); Langholm, per. (Ewing); Sanquhar 
district, F. (Macv.); Crichope Linn, c. (Macv.). Kirk- 
cudbright: Bowwood (M‘And.); Benniguirea (M‘And.); 
Kippford, per. (Ham.); Bennan Hill (M‘And.); Glen Trool 
(Maev.). Waiagtown: Portpatrick (M‘And.); Knowe (Ewing); 
nr. New Luce, per. (Ewing). 
N.W. Lowianps.—Ayr: Mochra Hill (Ewing); Largs 
(Ewing); Fairlie (Ewing); Glen Afton, u. (Macv.); Lady- 
land (Scott). Renfrew: Gourock (Ewing); Loch Thom, ¢ 
(Ewing); Lochwinnoch (Ewing); Cloch (West). Lanark: 
