SCAPANIA 267 
banks on the shore, bordering a sand-dune, the shell sand 
affording the desired lime. It has not been found in the 
Hebrides nor in the northern islands, and as yet only in 
one place in the North Highlands. It appears to be mainly 
a subalpine and alpine species in Scotland, as it is almost 
absent from the various low-ground districts in which lime- 
stone is found. 
When on the hills it forms thin, erect tufts, or occurs as 
scattered stems among mosses, on moist, shady rock ledges. 
On the low ground it is generally in shaded ravines. 
Perianths are rare, and fruit has not been seen; male 
plants are frequent, and gemme are common. 
N.W. Low.anps.— Renfrew: Cloch (West). 
S.E. HicHLANDs.—Fife and Kinross: Glen Queich, per. 
(Evans). S. Perth: Tillicoultry Glen, # (Evans). Mid 
Perth: Ben Laoigh, 1883 (Ewing); do., J 1889 (Ewing); 
do., in a few places from 1700-1900 ft. alt. (Macv.); Ben 
Dubh Craige, alt. 2200 ft. (Maev.); Carn Creag, g, alt. 2700 
ft. (Maev.); Craig-an-Lochain, alt. 2300 ft. (Macv.); Ben 
Lawers, f, alt. 3000 ft. and 3200 ft. (Macv.); Achrioch Burn 
with Cololej. calearea (Macv.); Meal na Saone (Young). 
N. Perth: Lion’s Face, Braemar (Stabl.); Coire Ceandor 
(West). 
N.E. Hicuianps.—Higin: Banks of the Findhorn, 
Elginshire, 1848 (Croall). 
-W. HicHianps.—Argyll: Lismore (Macv.); Glen Nant 
(Macv.): Ben Doureann (Ew. and Macv.). W. Inverness: 
Moidart, R. (Macv.). 
Lower N. HicHianps.—Z£. Ross: Fairy Glen, Rosemarkie 
(Miss Macy.). 
SCAPANIA ASPERA Bernet 
A rare plant in Scotland, and only found in a few 
localities. Although it is a rare species in general in the 
north of Europe, the small amount of lime formation in 
our country may cause it to be rarer than it would other- 
wise have been. It is not absolutely confined to soil 
containing lime, but is almost so. This plant has been 
found only in the Highland provinces. The typical plant 
does not occur on the hills, the usual form being what 
